Avsnitt
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Prot —> mRNA —> cDNA —> dsDNA. (Step 2 via reverse transcriptase and step 3 via DNA Polymerase). Now the dsDNA is injected into a virus which infects bacteria to make lots of the DNA.
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Denaturation (Heat to high temp), Primer Annealing (Cool slightly), Primer Extension via polymerase (Heat but not as much as step 1).
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Saknas det avsnitt?
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GE find us the length of a DNA Strand (how many base pairs long).
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Not really sure why I did a module on this - basically you know they’re homo recessive because they have blue eyes (the recessive trait), and you know to use q BECAUSE we’re dealing with the recessive trait.
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HP Equation gives P(allele frequencies). P^2 is probability of homo dominant, Q^2 is probability of homo recessive, 2pq is probability of heterozygous allele combo. P = frequency of dom allele, Q = frequency of recessive allele.
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Discusses Dihybrid Crosses and the Law of Independent Assortment.
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Don’t let the title fool you. This is short. Discusses complete, incomplete, and co-dominance.
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Discuss genes, alleles, geno/phenotypes, and punnet squares. The Khan Academy video discusses the history (Gregor Mendel) but let’s be real, who cares.
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Mutations can be good, bad, or both.
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Define mutagens and then discuss endogenous and exogenous mutagens. (Endo: ROS); (Exo: intercalators, base analogues, carcinogens)
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Small scale mutations (point: TTM; frame-shift: ID) and Large-scale mutations (translocation, inversion).
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Point, Frame Shift, and Nonsense vs. Missense. Further divided Missense to Silent, Conservative, and Non-Conservative.
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Clarifies that mutations arise at the DNA level, and from where mutations originate.
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Discusses categories of tumor suppressors and then 2 examples: pRb and p53, both proteins.
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Discusses the 3 mechanisms through which oncogenes are formed from proto-oncogenes, and types of oncogenes with examples.
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I discuss ncRNAs (RNA that’s ready to perform tasks w/o becoming protein) and then move onto rRNA, tRNA, miRNA, snRNA, and snoRNA. Have fun with all these acronyms lol
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Not really an important module but skip to 6:18 for new stuff (RNA Editing via the ADAR and CDAR Enzymes)
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Discusses GTFs, then discusses activators/repressors and enhancers/silencers. Finally distinguishes between regulation of transcriptional euk and prok organisms.
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Discusses HAT and HDAC enzymes to uncoil/coil DNA (uncoil = activate for transcription) then transitioned into DNA methylation as it relates to CpG Islands and MBB’s.
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More terminology of the Lac Operon mechanism, refined ideas from the first part.
- Visa fler
