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Solar eclipses are special! They break the routine of the day to remind us of the skies. In fact, there is a solar eclipse on April 8th, that will be visible in North America. But solar eclipses have played a crucial role in history of science. In particular, in the discovery of helium and in providence supporting evidence for Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup.
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We know today that our universe is huge and that it contains more than a hundred billion galaxies! But this view of the universe is only a hundred years old. What is fascinating is that a particular type of star, called Cepheids, is primarily responsible for the change of our view. In this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup, astrophysicist Salman Hameed discuss why Cepheids played such a central role in this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup.
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Saknas det avsnitt?
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When large stars die, they end up as a blackhole. We know this as one of the ways to form a blackhole. But there has been a puzzle. How do you form supermassive blackholes that exist at the center of almost all galaxies? Now, theoretical models and observations from James Webb Space Telescope strongly hit at a different way to to form blackholes - this time without the involvement of stars! Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in discussing this mechanism in this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup.
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Are we on the verge of discovering new physics or is this a modest debate within cosmology that is hyped up by headlines? The issue at the center is the expansion rate of the universe. Two different methods give two different answers. There should just be one answer. This is called "Hubble Tension". Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup to discuss this and how to think about it?
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The ozone layer is crucial for life. Its formation allowed life to evolve from oceans to live on land, resulting in complex lifeforms such as mammals. But we know that the ozone layer is also fragile. Some of the ozone layer was damaged by chemicals used by humans. But in a fascinating study, now we know that a star that exploded almost 2 billion light years away, also briefly damaged the ozone in our atmosphere. Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup to talk about this supernova and the resulting gamma ray burst that impacted the ozone layer.
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We know that the Moon formed when a Mars-sized protoplanet, Theia, slammed into Earth about 4.5 billion years ago. But what happened to Theia? A new study published in the journal Nature suggests that the remnants of Theia are inside the Earth. Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup to talk about Theia and the origins of our Moon.
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Astronomers have discovered thousands of planets around other stars. But now, for the first time, they have discovered binary planets. These were discovered by James Webb Space Telescope in the Orion nebula. We still don't know how they were formed, but this may point to the existence of many planets in between stars. Join astrophysicist Salman Hameed for a conversation about this discovery in this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup.
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NASA's Osiris Rex mission brought samples from asteroid Bennu. Japanese mission Hayabusa 2 brought back samples from asteroid Ryugu. Why are these samples important? What do we learn from them? Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in exploring these and more questions in this episode of Kainaati Gup Shup.
Video Link: https://youtu.be/RMhgG5ColZI -
Can we see the very first galaxies in the universe? Maybe. Because the speed of light is finite, the farther away you see, the longer the light takes to get to us. This way, astronomy allows us to see a universe that is younger. James Webb Space Telescope has identified some galaxies that are so far away that their light has taken billions of years to get to us. Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in taking a journey to Maisie's Galaxy, the farthest galaxy in the universe. The light from this galaxy started its journey when the the universe was only 390 million years old.
Video Link: https://youtu.be/oNCnGFzSAeg -
India's Chandrayaan-3 mission landed in the south-polar region of the Moon. We are also going to see a flurry of space missions to the same area in the coming months, including the Chinese Change' 6 mission, and NASA's Artemis. What is going on? Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in exploring the reasons for this interest in the lunar south pole.
Video Link: https://youtu.be/_RjLpcp284E -
The first images of James Webb Telescope images were released just over a year ago. To celebrate this anniversary, here we talk about two images that highlight not only its science, but also its beauty and wonder. Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in looking at the star forming region, Rho Ophiuchi and the grand design spiral, M74, in this podcast. Oh, and we also talk about the mysterious "?" in one of the new James Webb images!
Video Link: https://youtu.be/jDKDaVW9vc0 -
In July, a former intelligence office, David Grusch, testified that the US is in possession of spacecrafts from other planets. In fact, he also said that some non-human "biologics" have also been recovered from the crashed alien spacecrafts. Now this was stated all under oath. So how do we think about such claims in the context of search for extraterrestrial intelligence?
Video Link: https://youtu.be/mICov9M3uEM -
Gravitational waves were predicted by Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. They were first directly detected in 2015 with LIGO and those were mostly the result of the collision of two star-size black holes. But now in a fascinating way, astronomers have used pulsars (spinning neutron stars) to detect a background hum of gravitational waves, probably caused by supermassive black holes. Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in exploring the topic of gravitational waves and how astronomers used dead stars to make the new detection in this Urdu/Hindi audio.
For full video: https://youtu.be/PTqG9ptEM1Q -
For over fifty years, satellites and telescopes have been detecting short bursts of gamma ray bursts. Their origins remained one of the biggest mysteries of science. Now we know that they are from some of the strangest and biggest explosions in the universe. Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in discussing the origins of gamma ray bursts in this Urdu/Hindi documentary.
For full video: https://youtu.be/iSHVjUp8gh8 -
This video on the challenge of increasing light pollution is a part of collaboration between International Astronomical Union's Office for Astronomy Research (IAU OAO) and Kainaat Studios. A companion essay for this video is available at: https://www.iau.org/public/themes/light_pollution/
Stars in the night sky have played a crucial role in the history of humans on this planet. They have not only helped us in providing appropriate times for planting crops and in finding directions in the middle of deserts and oceans, but our queries about their nature have also sparked some of the biggest revolutions in human perceptions of our place in the universe. But now the increasing glow from our light bulbs is threatening the existence of various species on the planet. A new study suggests that the night sky may be brightening at a rate of 7-10% each year! In this episode of Cosmic Gup Shup, astrophysicist Salman Hameed talks about the steps we can take to reduce light pollution and protect the night sky, which holds an important place in various cultures and societies.
For full video: https://youtu.be/BZPkW9tEXqo -
We know that black holes are some of the strangest objects in the universe! We now have an example of a supermassive black hole that was ejected from the center of a galaxy. In the process, it is also helping create new stars. Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in discussing how such a black hole got ejected from the galaxy in the first place in this Urdu/Hindi documentary.
For full video: https://youtu.be/phXD4zE7_Q0 -
In part 1, we looked at the question of life's origins and if the raw materials for life are easily available in the universe. In the second part, we look at the formation of the molecules of life itself - from amino acids and lipids for the membranes, to the formation of the molecule of life, DNA. In the second part, please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in looking at some of the pathways to the origin of life on Earth.
Full video link: https://youtu.be/VGwCnlOAb7o -
How did life begin on Earth? We do not have a definite answer yet. But what do we know about it and how can we approach this question? In the first part, please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in looking at the ingredients necessary for life, and the definition of life itself.
For the video of this podcast: https://youtu.be/yYG9VQAhqD8
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There are claims that these galaxies should not exit in the early universe. And yet here they are, detected by the James Webb Space Telescope. The light from these galaxies started when the universe was only 500-800 million years old. These are not the farthest/earliest galaxies - that record belongs to another galaxy, JADES-GS-z13-0, which pushes us to only 320 million years after the beginning of our universe. Here we also talk about the previous record-holder, GN z-11, which has now been observed by JWST and the new observations provide insights about nature of this very young galaxy. Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in exploring these galaxies and on how to think about these cutting-edge results in this episode of Kainaati Gupshup.
For the video of this podcast: https://youtu.be/T9OojgMyuf4
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There is a green comet currently in our night skies. Today we seek out comets with our binoculars and telescopes. But even a few hundred years ago, humans used to associate bad-luck and bad omen at the sight of the comets. Shakespeare wrote about it in his play, Julius Caesar. Comets were mentioned in Akbarnama, the biography of the great Mughal Emperor, Akbar. Mirza Ghalib saw a comet soon before the official British takeover of India in 1858, and, understandably, saw it as a sign of misfortune. But the comet of 1577 also helped overthrow the cosmology of Aristotle, and brought it closer to the shift from an Earth-centric universe to a Sun-centered Solar system. Please join astrophysicist Salman Hameed in exploring not only the history of comets, but also the science behind the color of the green comet, C/2022 E3 (ZTF), in this episode.
For the video of this podcast: https://youtu.be/eBge-k5cUZY
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