Dark matter, an elusive and invisible substance, constitutes a significant portion of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects. First proposed by Fritz Zwicky in the 1930s and supported by Vera Rubin's observations in the 1970s, dark matter does not interact with light, making it invisible. Scientists explore its nature through various theoretical candidates like WIMPs, axions, and sterile neutrinos. While detection remains challenging, methods include underground labs, particle accelerators, and indirect observations. Ongoing research promises to unravel this cosmic mystery, potentially revolutionizing our understanding of the universe.