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The United States and China recently dispatched rovers to Mars, while the United Arab Emirates sent an orbiter to the red planet, where it is hoped humans one day will tread.
美国和中国最近向火星发射了探测器，同时阿联酋航空公司也向这颗红色星球发射了一颗人造卫星，希望有一天人类会踏上这片土地。
For man and machine alike, experts say landing on Mars is the hardest part of the trip.
专家表示，对于人和机器来说，登陆火星是旅程中最困难的部分。
The period from hitting the atmosphere to getting to the surface has been characterized depending on the mission as either the six minutes of terror or the seven minutes of terror.
从进入大气层到抵达表面的这段时间，根据不同的任务，被描述为“恐怖六分钟”或“恐怖七分钟”。
Mars has a thinner atmosphere than earth which complicates setting down safely on the surface.
火星的大气层比地球稀薄，这使得在火星表面安全降落变得困难。
Stanford University professor Scott Hubbard says, those six or seven minutes it takes to go from more than 19,000 kilometers per hour to zero are the riskiest.
斯坦福大学教授斯科特·哈伯德(Scott Hubbard)说，从每小时超过19000公里的速度降到零所需的六七分钟是最危险的。
In terms of where the risk factors are where you could lose this mission, that is an area that is of all the risk factors the one that you look at the most closely, because it's the one that has failed missions in the past.
就可能导致任务失败的风险因素而言，这是你最需要密切关注的一个方面，因为过去失败的任务都与此有关。
The casualty rate for Mars missions tops 50 percent. The US so far has successfully put a craft on the Martian surface, beginning with the Twin Vikings in 1976.
火星任务的伤亡率高达50%。到目前为止，美国至今已成功将航天器送上火星表面，最早可追溯到1976年发射的“海盗号”双子探测器。
NASA chose the red planet's Jezero crater over 60 other potential landing sites for its Perseverance rover. Dr. Bethany Ehlmann explains why.
美国宇航局选择了火星的杰泽罗陨石坑作为其“毅力号”探测器的着陆点。Bethany Ehlmann博士解释了其中的原因。
This is a great place to explore ancient habitats, the great place to look for life.
这是探索古代栖息地的绝佳地点，也是寻找生命的理想之地。
And as added bonus, just outside the rim of Jezreo crater are some of the oldest best exposed rocks on Mars from a time period even one billion years earlier.
另外的惊喜是，杰泽罗陨石坑边缘之外，有一些火星上最古老、暴露得最完好的岩石，其形成时间甚至比现在还要早10亿年。
The craft should reach Mars in February, along with the Chinese and UA emissions after seven months in transit over 480 million kilometers.
该飞船将于明年2月抵达火星，连同中国和阿联酋发射的一起，要经过7个月的时间，跨越4.8亿公里。
In spring 2021 French astronaut Thomas Pesquet become the first European to ride a SpaceX capsule to what will be his second stay aboard the international space station.
2021年春天，法国宇航员托马斯·佩斯凯成为首位乘坐SpaceX太空舱的欧洲人，这将是他在国际空间站的第二次逗留。
People from all over the world, different countries have put together the resources for peaceful purposes, for science, for research, for progress.
来自世界各地、不同国家的人们为了和平的目的、为了科学、为了研究、为了进步而汇聚资源。
And it's been going on for 20 years and it's an amazing success.
它已经持续了20年，取得了惊人的成功。
Finally this week Virgin Galactic unveiled the cabin of its spaceship II commercial craft.
本周维珍银河公司终于揭开了其太空船二号商业飞行器的舱内设计。
It has 12 windows, Virgin says, they designed the cabin for an out-of-seat weightlessness experience. The company says final tests are ongoing.
维珍银河公司表示，该舱体设有12扇舷窗，专为乘客离座体验失重状态而设计。公司称最终测试目前仍在进行中。
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First there was the keyboard, then the touch screen.
首先是键盘，然后是触屏。
Some tech companies say a wearable pair of glasses could be the next leap in technology, even if it didn't work out for google glass.
一些科技公司表示，即使谷歌眼镜未能成功，可穿戴眼镜仍可能是科技领域的下一次重大飞跃。
In the future we won't be only limited to our smartphones, when it comes to understanding the world around us. So this is our early investment in that future.
未来我们将不再局限于仅通过智能手机来理解周围的世界。这就是我们对那个未来的早期投资。
The US-based company Snap's investments is this--the spectacles, three sunglasses. This third version is smarter than the previous ones.
总部设在美国的Snap公司投资开发了这款太阳镜。第三个版本比之前的版本更智能。
It has two cameras. The corner of the glasses lights up when recording video, and allows the wearer to put 3D objects in the video. Here are some flowers.
它有两个摄像头。在录制视频时，眼镜的角落会亮起，佩戴者可以对物品进行3D拍摄。这里有些花。
Users can capture up to a minute of video. In a very different application, the InGlass by Hong Kong-based Pacific Future allows theme park visitors to have a different kind of experience through augmented reality.
用户最多可以拍摄一分钟的视频。在一个截然不同的应用场景中，香港太平洋未来科技公司推出的InGlass让主题公园游客通过增强现实技术获得别样体验。
During the launch of the smart glasses during Halloween, this park became extra scary. So there's a ghost everywhere mixed with the real like buildings.
在万圣节期间推出智能眼镜时，这个公园变得格外恐怖。看起来就像这座楼里到处都是鬼魂。
The glasses are used in theme parks in China and Malaysia.
这副眼镜在中国和马来西亚的主题公园中使用。
With a processor inside, these augmented reality glasses are designed for ages 12 and up, because of its weight and size.
内置处理器的增强现实眼镜因重量和体积原因，设计适用年龄为12岁及以上。
Augmented reality security glasses made by Beijing-based Goolton can be used by police to identify suspects.
北京谷东科技公司制造的增强现实安防眼镜可帮助警方识别嫌疑人。
He can set a blacklist and the skin in your crowded people and find your criminal very soon.
警方可以设置黑名单，在茫茫人海中识别出皮肤特征，很快就能找到罪犯。
Armed with facial recognition software, video or images captured by these smart glasses can be sent to security officials off-site for analysis.
配备面部识别软件的智能眼镜可将拍摄的视频或图像发送给场外的安保人员进行分析。
Of course there are privacy concerns with any device that comes with built-in cameras, one of the reasons consumers rejected google glass.
当然，任何配备内置摄像头的设备都会引发隐私担忧，这也是消费者拒绝谷歌眼镜的原因之一。
Still the race is on for tech companies, big and small, to turn an everyday item like glasses into something smarter.
尽管如此，大大小小的科技公司仍在竞相将眼镜等日常用品改造成更智能的产品。
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Saknas det avsnitt?
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The Work to Ride program basically started with an idea that I had about using horses and youth combining those two to make a difference in the lives of children.
“骑马计划”项目基本上源于我一个想法，即把马匹和青少年结合起来，从而改变孩子们的生活。
Our facility, Chamonix Equestrian Center, is located in Philadelphia. And it is bordered on two of the most crime-ridden neighborhoods here in Philadelphia.
我们的设施查莫尼克斯马术中心位于费城。它毗邻费城两个犯罪率最高的社区。
One is North Philadelphia and one is West Philadelphia. We have children that come from those neighborhoods.
一个是北费城， 一个是西费城。参加这个项目的有来自这些社区的孩子。
Being in the program has kept me away from a lot of stuff like getting involved in drugs and getting related things that usually happen in the street.
参加这个项目让我远离了很多事情，比如吸毒和街头常见的那些相关活动。
When I come to the barn, I'm always very happy. I'm usually excited, usually ready to ride.
当我来到马厩时，我总是非常开心。我通常很兴奋，随时准备骑马。
The horses that we use in the program are donated. The kids in the Work to Ride program are primarily responsible for taking care of horses.
我们项目中使用的马匹都是捐赠的。参加“骑马计划”的孩子主要负责照看马匹。
On any given day, they're responsible for chores, cleaning up the stables, taking care of any medical needs that any of the horses may have.
每一天他们都要负责杂务、清理马厩、照顾马匹，满足它们可能会有的任何医疗需求。
It's a big responsibility. It is a lot of work to do. But all the work like is contributing to the one important thing is taking care of the horse.
这是一项重大的责任。有很多工作要做。但所有这些工作都有助于一件重要的事情，那就是照顾好马匹。
And if take care of the horse, then we're able to ride and it all leads up to playing in the games and just good management.
如果我们照顾好马，那么我们就能骑马，这一切最终都是为了参加比赛，同时进行良好的管理。
I feel like I've built an individual bond with each and every horse we have at our barn. Being at the barn is very like homey. It's very comfortable and I feel safe.
我觉得我和马厩里的每一匹马都建立了深厚的联系。待在马厩里很有家的感觉。这里非常舒适，让我感到安心。
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It's all about changing the narrative of black history, building leaders through the story of my ancestors.
这一切都是为了改变黑人历史的叙事，通过讲述我祖先的故事来培养领导者。
We produce educational toys where children can learn black history in a very fun and creative way.
我们生产教育玩具，让孩子们能够以一种非常有趣和富有创意的方式学习黑人历史。
The focus really is to kind of see black history through a different lens instead of focusing on oppression and slavery.
重点实际上是通过不同的视角来看待黑人历史，而不是聚焦于压迫和奴隶制。
I don't want that to be their first thought anymore. I want the first thought when people think of black history is to be resiliency and leadership.
我不想让这再成为他们的第一印象。我希望当人们想到黑人历史时，第一印象是坚韧与领导力。
Bevy & Dave, I named Bevy after my daughter, Beverly, and I named Dave after my brother, David. The first toy I created is the History Makers Puzzle Block Set.
Bevy & Dave这个游戏品牌名源于我的女儿Beverly和哥哥David。我发明的第一款游戏是《方块拼图学历史》。
It was launched in 2016. We're going to put the alphabet together and not repeat the same letters. It starts for age 3, plus.
它于2016年推出。我们要把字母组合起来，且不重复使用相同的字母。它适合3岁及以上的孩子。
And so, with that one, I didn't want to continue the story of "a" is for apple. On this History Makers Puzzle Block Set, it's "a" for appreciation.
在这个游戏里，我不想延续a代表苹果的故事。在《方块拼图学历史》中，"a"代表感激。
Appreciation, that's right. And then when you turn the block, they'll learn that it means to be thankful.
当你翻转积木时，他们会明白这意味着心怀感恩。
So, it would be a word like leadership, strategy, or it would be a historic figure or historic fact.
可能会有领导力、策略这样的词，或者一个历史人物、历史故事。
"W" is for Maggi Walker where they get a chance to learn about her being the first female bank president.
“W”代表Maggi Walker，她是第一位女性银行行长。
So, they get the opportunity to now experience the alphabet in a different way. The second toy, I wanted to focus on inventors.
他们现在有机会以不同的方式体验字母表。第二款玩具，我想聚焦于发明家。
I put their faces on there purposely because I wanted people and children to see who created these remarkable things we're all experiencing every day.
我特意把他们的脸印在那里，因为我想让人们和孩子们知道，是谁创造了这些日常生活中的非凡事物。
Frederick Jones, he invented mobile refrigeration, because before him we didn't have a way to safely transport food that was perishable.
弗雷德里克·琼斯发明了移动制冷技术，因为在他之前，我们没有办法安全运输易腐食品。
Norbert Rillieux, he invented automated sugar refining. Where does this one go? Can it go here?
诺伯特·瑞利克斯发明了自动炼糖技术。这一步怎么走？能走这吗？
I want children of other ethnic groups to also learn through the lens of that story, which I'm trying to share. Can you put the refrigerated cold truck here?
我希望其他族裔的孩子也能通过我试图分享的那个故事来学习。你能把冷藏车停在这里吗？
For a child to play with different toys that represent their own culture but other cultures is really important especially at an early age.
让孩子玩代表自己文化以及其他文化的不同玩具非常重要，尤其是在幼年时期。
That really creates more openness. It creates understanding. It creates more conversations for parents to have with their children about race and ethnicity.
这确实能创造更多的开放性。它能增进理解，还能让家长和孩子就种族和民族问题展开更多的交流。
Currently, my educational toys are used in different preschools and elementary schools in different states.
目前，我的益智玩具被用于不同州的各个学前班和小学。
So what we need to do, we need to look around on each side and find. Can you guys find the letter on each side of these cubes?
我们需要做的是看看每一面并寻找。你们能在这些方块的每一面找到字母吗？
My name is Brittany Simmons. I teach Pre-K 4 English at Sela Public Charter School. So, can you help us find the letter C?
我叫布列塔尼·西蒙斯，在塞拉公立特许学校教K-4级学前英语。你能帮我们找到字母C吗？
One of the games that we play is we use the multi-functional blocks. The more they see while they are putting them together, they see the different sides.
我们玩的游戏之一是用多功能积木搭建。他们在拼搭时看到的东西越多，就越能观察到不同的侧面。
And it provokes a lot of questions. So, we have a lot of discussions around what they see.
这引发了很多问题。我们围绕他们所看到的内容进行了很多讨论。
Frederick M. Jones. Let's finish putting it together because he invented something. He's on this puzzle. That means he invented something.
弗雷德里克·M·琼斯。咱们把它拼完吧，因为他发明了一些东西。他在这幅拼图里，所以肯定发明了什么东西。
They hear a lot about different inventions that were made, people in history, why they were so relevant. They learn different vocabulary words.
他们了解到很多关于不同的发明、历史人物以及这些发明和人物为何如此重要的信息。他们学习不同的词汇。
It's definitely a conversation piece. So these men created all of the things you see here.
这绝对是个能引发话题的游戏。这些人创造了你在这里看到的所有东西。
We just have to learn to appreciate and enjoy every part of the story that everybody brings.
我们只需要学会欣赏和享受每个人所带来的故事。
And that to me is how we make the world better. And I hope Bevy & Dave will be a part of that. I really do.
对我来说，这就是我们让世界变得更美好的方式。我希望Bevy&Dave能成为其中的一部分。我真心希望如此。
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This is a slime mold. Cat Chang is an urban designer. But in her spare time, she likes to examine other life-forms.
这是一种黏菌。凯特·张是一名城市设计师。但在业余时间，她喜欢研究其他生命。
Ever since I was a little girl, I've been interested in the natural world. We're native Hawaiian. Our family and my grandmother would take me around her yard.
从我还是个小女孩起，我就对自然界感兴趣。我们是夏威夷原住民。我的家人和祖母会带我在她的院子里转转。
She would show us all the plants and how you use them. And later when I was interested in learning about fungi, I didn't have anybody to help me with it.
她会向我们展示所有的植物以及如何使用它们。后来当我对学习真菌感兴趣时，却没有人能在这方面帮助我。
Someone suggested iNaturalist to me, and it's on your cell phone.
有人向我推荐了iNaturist， 在手机上就可以使用。
iNaturalist is a joint initiative of National Geographic and the California Academy of Sciences.
iNaturist是国家地理和加州科学院联合发起的应用。
Essentially, people can take a photo of anything living, plants, animal, fungus, slime mold, put it on the website and other people identify it.
从本质上讲，人们可以给任何生物拍照，比如植物、动物、真菌、黏菌，然后把照片上传到网站上，由其他人来识别它们。
The app compares the image with those already in the database to begin the identification process. But ultimately, human experts weigh in.
该应用程序将图像与数据库中已有的图像进行比对，以启动识别过程。但最终，还需要人类专家进行评估。
The best part of it is there's a community of people that can also participate.
最棒的部分就是有一个我们可以参与进来的社区。
It's used by scientists to collect data, and actually write papers, as well as just amateur people who are really interested in getting more involved and caring more about nature.
科学家们用它来收集数据，甚至撰写论文，同样适用于那些真正热衷于更深入参与、更加关心自然的业余爱好者。
This time of year, I'm particularly looking for salamanders. Oh, there he is poking out of the wood although.
每年这个时候，我特别喜欢找蝾螈。它正从木头里探出头来呢。
And I always like to see mammals, they're one of my favorites, and birds of course. I have almost 55,000 observations. It's a lot.
我总是喜欢观察哺乳动物，它们是我的最爱之一，当然还有鸟类。我已经记录了近55000条观察记录。这数量相当多。
iNaturalist has observations from every country in the world. Right now, I believe we have over 26 million observations and about 700,000 active users.
iNaturalist拥有来自世界各国的观察记录。目前，我相信我们已经收集了超过2600万条观察记录，拥有约70万活跃用户。
This collaboration across continents led recently to a surprising discovery in California.
这种跨大洲的合作最近在加利福尼亚州有了一个惊人的发现。
The type of giant sunfish whose normal habitat is thousands of miles to the south, an indication perhaps of a rapidly changing world.
这种巨型太阳鱼的正常栖息地在数千英里以南，这或许表明世界正在迅速变化。
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My name is Dwayne Hendrickson and I'm from Minot, North Dakota, about 50 miles out of Keif.
我叫德韦恩·亨德里克森，来自北达科他州米诺特市，距离基夫约50英里。
But my grandparents lived on a farm near Kief prior to 1968 and a small-town community that everybody knew everybody and everybody helped everybody.
但在1968年之前，我的祖父母住在基夫附近的农场里，那是一个小镇社区，每个人都认识彼此，每个人都互相帮助。
And it was just a different atmosphere, a different atmosphere of listening to people who didn't speak English, and you were trying to figure out what they were saying.
那是一种不同的氛围，人们听着那些不会说英语的人讲话，然后试图弄明白他们在说什么。
My father came from Germany. He's a Helme from Germany. His dad got on a ship over at Odessa, Russia and came over here in 1902.
我父亲来自德国。他是德国赫尔姆人。他的父亲在1902年从俄罗斯的敖德萨登上一艘船来到了这里。
And then he homesteaded in 1905. He found some land and he homesteaded.
然后他在1905年申请了宅基地。他找到了一块地并申请了宅基地。
And if they homesteaded, was I believe 160 acres, and if they lived on it for five years, then they got the title.
他们安顿下来后，我记得是160英亩，要是他们在那片土地上住满五年，就能获得土地所有权。
The train came out here and this is what they used to call a tank town. They had a big water tank for the old steam locomotive.
火车开到这里，这就是他们过去常说的“水塔镇”。他们为老式蒸汽机车建了一个大水塔。
It would stop here and fill up water and then go again. And that's where people settled because they were able to ride the train and the train brought in all the goods.
它会在这里停下来加水，然后再出发。而人们之所以在此定居，是因为他们可以乘坐火车，火车还运来了各种货物。
Mainly lumber, mainly lumber so that they could build houses and stuff and then, passengers stopped riding it. It was back in the 50s.
主要是用来建房子之类的木材；后来，乘客不再乘坐它了。那是在20世纪50年代。
My folks were born, I mean, born here and stuff. My mom is a German and my dad is a Russian or a Ukrainian. A lot of them got old.
我的父母是在这里出生的。我妈妈是德国人，我爸爸是俄罗斯人或乌克兰人。他们很多人都老了。
I mean, like, Michalanko's up there. They had a gas station there. And then Benny Krueger's, he just passed away a few years ago.
比如，米哈兰科一家住在那里。他们在那里开了个加油站。还有本尼·克鲁格，他几年前刚去世。
A lot of them got old. I mean like Ischenkos, Shevchenko's, Karoenkos, Dislevys.
很多人都变老了。像依科兰克斯、史福克兰可、卡罗恩克斯和迪斯莱维斯都老了。
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The researchers discovered that the European hedgehog can hear up to 85kHz, a frequency that's considered ultrasonic, far higher than humans who stop hearing past 20kHz.
研究人员发现，西欧刺猬能听到达到 85 千赫的声音，这已属于超声波频段，远高于人类 20 千赫的听觉上限。
The team now wants to develop sound repellents to be used in cars or lawnmowers that could emit noise at a frequency to scare off hedgehogs.基于此发现，该团队目前正致力于开发出能安装在汽车或割草机上的声音驱赶器，通过发射特定频率的噪音来吓跑刺猬。
Thousands of hedgehogs a year are killed in road collisions, and the scientists say the discovery could be a game changer. It could also reveal if the animals communicate to each other using noises that humans can't hear.每年都有数千只刺猬在马路上被撞死，而科学家们表示，这项新发现可能会彻底改变现状。它或许还能揭示这些动物是否会利用人类听觉范围之外的声音进行交流。
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Lots of places sell or advertise collagen supplements, but what are the benefits of taking them on a daily basis? A new scientific review by a team from Anglia Ruskin University, published in the Aesthetic Surgery Journal Open Forum, has looked into exactly this, and here's what it found.
很多地方都销售或宣传胶原蛋白补充剂，但每天服用胶原蛋白究竟有哪些益处？安格利亚鲁斯金大学的一个团队在《美容外科杂志开放论坛》上发表了一项研究，针对这个问题进行了深入探讨，以下是其研究发现。
Let's start with the basics. What is collagen? Well, it's a type of protein found naturally in the body. It supports and strengthens the skin, nails, bone and connective tissues. But the amount the body makes drops with age.首先从最基本的概念说起。胶原蛋白是什么？它是一种天然存在于体内的蛋白质。胶原蛋白支撑并加固皮肤、指甲、骨骼和结缔组织。但其合成速度随着年龄增长而下降。
The team behind this review assessed the results of 113 trials involving nearly 8,000 people, and say it brings together the strongest evidence to dateon collagen supplements. They say it shows the pills orpowderscan offer some realskin-rejuvenatinggains. Taken daily, the protein can improveskin toneorelasticityandmoisture, but it doesn't appear to prevent other signs of ageing, such aswrinkles. The researchers also say supplements can boost collagen levels to easejoint painandstiffnessfromwear-and-tear arthritis.该研究团队评估了涉及 8000 人的 113 个试验结果，并表示这是迄今为止对胶原蛋白补充剂的效果最强有力的证据。研究指出，服用胶原蛋白片或胶原蛋白粉确实能带来一定的 “焕肤” 功效。坚持每天服用，胶原蛋白可以改善肤色、弹性和水分，但似乎无法预防其它老化痕迹，比如皱纹。研究人员还表示，这些补充剂可以提升胶原蛋白水平，从而缓解由磨损性关节炎导致的关节疼痛与僵硬。
Experts say consumers should be cautious about bold anti-ageing claims and weigh up the potential benefits against the price. And there are several types of supplements people can take, including marine from fish, bovine from cows and vegan collagen. The review was unable to show if any worked better than the others.专家表示，消费者应该警惕夸张的抗衰老宣传，并权衡潜在的益处和价格。目前市面上有多种胶原蛋白补充剂可供选择，包括鱼胶原、牛胶原和纯素胶原蛋白。这篇综述尚无法证实其中哪一种的效果更好。
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We all know the feeling. You have a big, difficult task to complete, but your phone is on the desk next to you, teasing you with endless distraction opportunities. What's happening on social media? What's going on in the news? Who's messaging me? This constant bombardment of information through our screens, coupled with a tendency to outsource even basic tasks to technology, might be making us unhappier and more resistant to difficult tasks. Is 'friction-maxxing' the answer?
我们都知道这种感觉。 你有一项艰巨的任务要完成，但你的手机就放在你旁边的桌子上，给你带来无尽的分心机会。 社交媒体上发生了什么？ 新闻里发生了什么？ 谁给我发消息？ 这种通过屏幕不断轰炸的信息，加上甚至将基本任务外包给技术的趋势，可能会让我们更加不快乐，并且更加抵制困难的任务。 “最大摩擦力”是答案吗？
Humans like to choosethe path of least resistance to conserve energy, but actually, tasks that require more effort often feel more meaningful. Friction-maxxing is a new trend which aims to rebuild our tolerance for inconvenience. In a basic sense, this involves adding more 'friction' to tasks so that they require more time, effort or patience, which, in theory, leads to greater feelings of satisfaction and reward. A series of experiments carried out in 2012 by researchers Norton, Mochon and Ariely found that when people built their own furniture, they had a greater sense of their own competence and pride in their creations.人类喜欢选择阻力最小的路径来节省能量，但实际上，需要付出更多努力的任务往往感觉更有意义。 最大摩擦是一种新趋势，旨在重建我们对不便的容忍度。 从基本意义上讲，这涉及给任务增加更多的“摩擦”，从而需要更多的时间、精力或耐心，从理论上讲，这会带来更大的满足感和奖励感。 2012 年，研究人员 Norton、Mochon 和 Ariely 进行了一系列实验，结果发现，当人们自己制作家具时，他们对自己的能力和创作的自豪感会更强。
Our brains operate on a 'use it or lose it' principle, says Gloria Mark, psychologist and author of book 'Attention Span'. To keep new brain neurons alive, we must keep using them by continuing to do effortful tasks. If we rely too much on technology, we risk weakening our mental skills. Many of us use GPS apps to direct us around a city, but overusing these apps appears to be reducing our natural sense of direction, according to a study published in the Scientific Reports journal by Dahmani and Bohbot. On the other hand, studies show that cognitively stimulating activities which require more patience, like reading, doing puzzles and learning an instrument, can preserve our brain function as we age.心理学家、《注意力广度》一书的作者格洛丽亚·马克 (Gloria Mark) 表示，我们的大脑遵循“使用它或失去它”的原则。 为了让新的大脑神经元保持活力，我们必须通过继续完成艰苦的任务来继续使用它们。 如果我们过度依赖技术，我们的心理技能就有可能被削弱。 根据 Dahmani 和 Bohbot 在《科学报告》杂志上发表的一项研究，我们中的许多人都使用 GPS 应用程序在城市中导航，但过度使用这些应用程序似乎会降低我们自然的方向感。 另一方面，研究表明，需要更多耐心的认知刺激活动，如阅读、做谜题和学习乐器，可以随着年龄的增长保护我们的大脑功能。
Some are unconvinced by the 'friction-maxxing' trend. Psychologist and author of 'The Distracted Mind', Larry Rosen, believes it's too hard to resist the convenience technology provides. The trend doesn't hurt, says Gloria Mark. "If people are putting in effort, it makes them more intentional and thoughtful." Perhaps by taking the easy route, we're missing out on some of life's enjoyment.有些人对“最大摩擦”趋势不相信。 心理学家、《分心的思维》一书的作者拉里·罗森认为，人们很难抗拒科技带来的便利。 格洛丽亚·马克 (Gloria Mark) 表示，这种趋势并没有什么坏处。 “如果人们付出努力，他们就会变得更加有意和周到。” 也许因为走捷径，我们会错过一些生活的乐趣。
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Mornings for Khris Teri of Halo Doughnut means it's time to hand make sweet treats, with flavors such as lemon pop, cinnamon affair along with burnt salty. Everything is made from scratch.
对于光环甜甜圈店的克里斯·特里（Khris Teri）来说，早晨是手工制作美味甜点的时间，有柠檬汽水味、肉桂味以及焦盐等口味。所有产品都是从头开始制作的。
So the financial downturn helped me revisit my passion.
经济低迷期帮助我重燃激情。
Unemployed in March, this former video producer with a zeal for cooking, started making doughnuts for friends.
三月份失业后，这位热衷于烹饪的前视频制片人开始为朋友制作甜甜圈。
So one of my best friends said now Khris I think you should sell this, I think you should make this into a business.
我的一个好朋友说：克里斯，我认为你应该卖甜甜圈，你应该把这个做成生意。
Teri started out at her mother's kitchen, but quickly outgrew it. So now she rents space in a shared commercial kitchen.
特里一开始在母亲的厨房制作，但生意很快就发展壮大了。现在她在一个共享商用厨房里租了场地。
It only costs about $400 a month, and includes all the pots and pans which keeps the expenses down.
每月只需花费约400美元，而且包含所有锅碗瓢盆，这大大降低了开销。
We started it in a shared kitchen because it's low risk and it's low investment. I think it's the perfect way to start a business.
我们之所以选择在共享厨房起步，是因为它风险低且投入少。我认为这是创业的绝佳方式。
While various new businesses have different back stories, Teri's situation fits a trend that shows a rapidly growing number of micro businesses in Malaysia,
虽然各种新企业的背景不同，但特里的情况符合马来西亚微型企业数量迅速增长的趋势：
businesses that are starting up from even the garage or their house to kitchen, their home kitchen.
从车库或家庭厨房起步。
Raymond Woo of the Malaysia Retail Chain Association says, there are easily tens of thousands of micro businesses that have started up in the country since the economic downturn started in March.
马来西亚零售连锁店协会的雷蒙德·吴（Raymond Woo）表示， 自三月份经济低迷以来，该国很容易就有数万家微型企业发展起来。
The people behind them often need a low-risk way of earning income, after being laid off or forced to take a pay cut.
背后的创业者在被解雇或被迫减薪后，往往需要一种低风险的收入方式。
It could be doing marketing advisory businesses, website photography, services that they actually know as a hobby, and then moving that hobby and monetizing it.
他们可以从事营销咨询业务、网站摄影，或是将原本作为爱好的服务转化为职业，进而将这一爱好变现。
At a recent pop-up event, customers sunk their teeth into Teri's doughnuts at prices, ranging from one to two dollars each depending on the flavor.
在最近的一次活动中，顾客们狼吞虎咽地吃着特里的甜甜圈，价格从一美元到两美元不等，具体取决于口味。
One thing is the fluffiness of the doughnut and the flavor is always something out of the ordinary.
甜甜圈很松软，味道与众不同。
Halo Doughnut has not quite reached the break-even point yet.
光环甜甜圈店尚未达到收支平衡点。
But Teri expects to turn this into a profitable business within a few months.
但特里预计在几个月内将其转变为盈利业务。
She currently has one part-time kitchen worker but plans on hiring more soon.
她目前有一名兼职厨房员工，但计划很快招聘更多人手。
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Nigeria is one of the top 10 most dangerous countries in the world for women.
尼日利亚是全球对女性而言最危险的10个国家之一。
The shortage of laws protecting women is compounded by poor law enforcement and traditions that force women to keep quiet about gender violence.
保护妇女的法律本就匮乏，再加上执法不力以及迫使女性对性别暴力保持沉默的传统观念，情况更是雪上加霜。
Tired of physical abuse, some Nigerian women are now taking self-defense classes.
不再忍受身体虐待，一些尼日利亚妇女现在正在上自卫课程。
It was really high opening. I liked the fact that I could I can protect myself. Yes, at least I can protect myself and if I wanted to attack, I can attack quickly. Yeah, so you went well.
开场真的很精彩。我很喜欢自己能够保护自己这一点。至少我能保护自己，而且如果我想进攻，我也能迅速出击。
In Nigeria, even in a large city like Lagos, women learning to fight for themselves face a lot of criticism.
在尼日利亚，即使是在拉各斯这样的大城市，女性学习自卫也面临很多批评。
It's strange, very, very strange to hear that a woman wants to defend herself if she finds herself in a position where she has to. Nobody is going to listen to that.
听到一个女人说如果身处不得不自卫的境地就会自卫，人们觉得非常奇怪。没人会听这种话的。
They would just tell you that you're not being submissive as a woman, you know.
他们只会告诉你，作为一个女人，你不够顺从。
They tell you that you just you've become a feminist and so because you started listening to all those things that are happening and then in Africa we don't do that.
他们告诉你，你只不过成了一名女权主义者，因为你开始关注所有正在发生的事情，而在非洲我们可不这么做。
The organisers of the self-defense course for women say breaking deep-rooted traditions is hard.
女子自卫课程的组织者说，打破根深蒂固的传统很难。
The taboo stems from the fact that societal pressures, environmental perception and also within women themselves as well,
这种禁忌源于社会压力、环境认知以及女性自身缺乏自信，
not having the self-belief that they can actually achieve and do this or what is required to become proficient at self-defense only.
她们认为自己实际上无法做到，或者不相信自己能够熟练掌握自卫所需的技能。
Only three months ago, Nigeria adopted its first National Sexual Offenders Register, setting up a database of those convicted for sexual violence since 2015.
仅三个月前，尼日利亚通过了首个《全国性犯罪者登记册》，建立了自2015年以来的性暴力罪犯数据库。
While it is a step toward clamping down on abuse, critics say many assaults go unreported because women are forced to keep quiet.
虽然这是打击虐待行为的一步，但批评人士表示，许多袭击事件未被报告，因为女性被迫保持沉默。
The self-defense course in Lagos organized by rights group Women Impacting Nigeria and a local gym is also teaching women to speak up.
由权益组织“影响尼日利亚的女性”和当地一家健身房在拉各斯组织的自卫课程，也在教导女性勇敢发声。
Everybody tells their story because here you're meeting women who have experienced the same things that you've experienced, but some people are silent about it.
每个人都在讲述自己的故事，因为在这里你会遇到和你有过相同经历的女性，但有些人对此却保持沉默。
As more and more Nigerian women work outside their homes and spend more time on the streets away from their male family members, incidents of assault against them have been increasing.
随着越来越多的尼日利亚女性走出家门工作，并在没有男性家庭成员陪伴的情况下在街头停留更长时间，针对她们的袭击事件一直在增加。
Until the authorities step in to protect women, self-defence may be the only option for many.
在当局介入保护女性之前，自卫可能是许多人的唯一选择。
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Though it appears to have marched straight out of a superhero movie, the Guardian Exoskeleton is ready for work in the real world.
虽然它看起来像是直接从超级英雄电影中走出来的，但“守护者”外骨骼设备已准备好在现实世界中投入使用。
It's a wearable robot that amplifies its user's strength.
这是一款可穿戴机器人，可以增强用户的力量。
Anybody who's wearing the Guardian Exo can lift up to 200 pounds.
任何穿着“守护者”外骨骼设备的人都可以举起两百磅的重量。
It really augments your strength, your performance. You move the way you normally would move.
它确实能增强你的力量。你可以像平时一样活动。
So if you were to go to grab something to lift it, that responds to your movement and gives you that strength to do that activity.
如果你要去拿东西并把它举起来，它会响应你的动作并赋予你完成这项活动的力量。
The Exo carries all the weight and transfers it through its legs to the ground, making 90 kilos feel like only 4.5.
外骨骼承载所有重量并通过其腿部传递至地面，让90公斤感觉仅如4.5公斤。
Whether you're big, strong, small, man or woman, you can do the same task.
不管你是高大还是瘦小，也不论你是男是女，你都可以完成同样的任务。
At a recent demonstration, audience members experienced how an Exo arm gives them super strength.
在最近的一次演示中，观众亲身体验了外骨骼手臂如何赋予他们超强力量。
Strapping in takes only a few minutes and once on board, the Exoskeleton responds to the user's body movements.
穿戴只需几分钟，一旦佩戴齐全，外骨骼就会对使用者的身体动作做出反应。
So this robot is very intuitive. It follows me, does what I do, I don't have to think about it. We have something we call get out of the way control.
这个机器人非常直观。它跟着我，模仿我的动作，我都不用去想。我们有一种叫做让路控制的东西。
What this allows is any operator to jump in and actually just move the way they normally would, and the robot is constantly getting out of their way.
这样做能让任何操作人员直接上手，像平常一样自如移动，而机器人则会不断避让。
The first Exos will find work in the military and the airline and construction industries.
首批外骨骼将应用于军事、航空和建筑行业。
The second most common reason for someone in this work is package.
第二个最常见的应用行业是搬运。
They're getting injured while they're lifting heavy equipment, while they're doing repetitive tasks,
他们在搬运重型设备、进行重复性任务时会受伤，
and the Exoskeleton can take the burden from the operator through the Exoskeleton and eliminate that injury.
而外骨骼可以为操作人员减轻负担，避免受伤。
Though the Guardian Exo would be useful for chores around the home,
尽管守护者外骨骼在家务劳动中会很有用，
for now it will be going to industries that can afford the $100,000 per year rental fee.
但目前它将进入那些能负担每年10万美元租金的行业。
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Farmers in Turkana Kenya face an existential crisis.
肯尼亚图尔卡纳的农民面临着生存危机。
For much of the past year out-of-control swarms of locusts have rampaged through this impoverished region,
过去一年的大部分时间里，失控的蝗虫群在这片贫困地区肆虐，啃食大片庄稼，
eating fields of crops and leaving little to sell or feed the farm animals.
几乎没留下什么可以出售或喂养家畜的东西。
Our elders talked about desert locusts, but this is the first time I've seen them.
我们的长辈们谈论过沙漠蝗虫，但这是我第一次见到它们。
A mother of seven Anna Amurai says locusts deprive animals of the food they need to produce the milk she serves to her family.
七个孩子的母亲Anna Amurai说，蝗虫夺走了牲畜产奶所需的食物，而她正是用这些奶来供养家人的。
It takes several days and we add water to the milk to make enough for the children.
有好几天，我们在牛奶里加水，才够孩子们喝。
Locusts have so far eaten as much as 20 percent of the crops in this region,
截至目前，蝗虫已吃掉该地区多达20%的农作物，
prompting the UN Food and Agriculture Organization to train local youth to monitor and report on locust migrations.
促使联合国粮食及农业组织培训当地青年监测和汇报蝗虫的迁徙情况。
Pastor and local livestock organization member Moses Areng cautiously puts hope in faith.
牧师和当地家畜组织成员Moses Areng谨慎地将希望寄托于信仰。
I know if the desert locusts disappear, and God gives us a little bit of rain, the pasture will return.
如果沙漠蝗虫消失了，上天再降下一点雨水，牧场就会恢复生机。
But if it doesn't rain for a month and the hoppers finish the pasture, the livestock will suffer and die from hunger and disease.
但如果一个月不下雨，蝗虫吃光牧场，牲畜就会受苦受难，死于饥饿和疾病。
Local agriculture officials say farmers alone cannot solve the locust infestation.
当地农业官员说，仅靠农民无法解决蝗灾问题。
They're calling for aid from the government and non-profit groups.
他们呼吁政府和非营利组织提供援助。
If more isn't done fast, experts say the people in East Africa could face food insecurity by December.
专家说，如果不尽快采取更多措施，东非人民将在十二月面临粮食短缺问题。
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At this fitness clinic, a small group of Malaysians try to shed some excess weight.
在这个健身诊所， 一小群马来西亚人试图减肥。
Sarah Baharudin is 35 years old, 165 centimeters tall, and weighs 110 kilos.
莎拉·巴哈鲁丁35岁了，身高165厘米，体重110公斤。
I eat traditional Malay food, and it's high in fat and calorie. And then on top of that, I did not go for any you know active. I was not active.
我吃传统的马来食物，它的脂肪和热量很高。除此之外，我没有进行任何锻炼。我不爱运动。
I was not living an active lifestyle. I did not exercise. So you know, years after years of doing that and becomes obesity.
我不锻炼。年复一年这样做就导致了肥胖。
Her story is all too common across Malaysia. About half of the country's adults are overweight or obese.
她的故事在马来西亚非常普遍。约一半的马来西亚成年人超重或肥胖。
Dr. Noradhiah Tumirin, a physician and fitness trainer, says the country's obesity crisis is a key reason why the number of non-communicable diseases is growing.
医生兼健身教练诺拉迪娅·图米林博士表示，该国的肥胖危机是非传染性疾病数量增加的关键原因。
This obesity will lead to multiple illnesses such as hypertension, high cholesterol, heart illnesses, and diabetes.
肥胖会导致多种疾病，如高血压、高胆固醇、心脏病和糖尿病。
Kevin Zahri is one of Malaysia's leading fitness influencers. He founded a local weight loss movement called Jom Kurus, which translates to let's get thin or let's lose weight.
凯文·扎赫里是马来西亚顶尖的健身网红之一。他发起了一项名为“Jom Kurus”的当地减肥活动，翻译过来就是“让我们变瘦”或“让我们减肥”。
To help somebody not feel alone and jump on the bandwagon with a group of people who are of similar physical stature and of similar physical objectives, goals and desires.
帮助某人不感到孤独，并加入一群身材相似、身体目标、愿望和渴望相似的人的行列。
Every year thousands of Malaysians across the country join six-week-long Jom Kurus fitness camps.
每年，全国成千上万的马来西亚人参加为期六周的Jom Kurus健身营。
They meet several times a week for exercises and lessons on nutrition. Plus there are social media support groups.
他们每周碰面几次，一起锻炼并学习营养知识。此外，还有社交媒体互助小组。
Zahri says the average participant loses 4 to 5 kilos during the 6-week program, but the real goal is to get them to lead healthy lifestyles long after.
扎赫里说，参与者在为期6周的项目中平均减重4到5公斤，但真正的目标是让他们在项目结束后长期保持健康的生活方式。
We are hoping that the 6-week program can become the kick-start in the longevity of their journey.
我们希望这个为期六周的项目能成为他们漫长旅程的开端。
That's what Sarah Baharudin is pushing for by getting on a regular exercise routine and improving her diet. I have decided to change my lifestyle into a healthier one.
这就是莎拉·巴哈鲁丁通过坚持规律锻炼和改善饮食所追求的目标。我决定将自己的生活方式转变为更健康的方式。
But while Jom Kurus and other fitness programs are helping Malaysians change their lifestyles, it's clear they're just scratching the surface of this nation's obesity crisis.
但尽管Jom Kurus等健身计划正在帮助马来西亚人改变生活方式，显然这些举措只是触及了该国肥胖危机的表面问题。
All said and done, the amount of people that we've targeted in comparison to the number of the population which are obese is still very very small.
总而言之，与肥胖人群的数量相比，我们锁定的目标人群数量仍然非常非常少。
Baharudin acknowledges changing lifelong habits is not easy, but says she's determined to make this the beginning of a new way of living.
巴哈鲁丁承认改变一生的习惯并不容易，但她说她决心让这成为一种新生活方式的开端。
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At the Computer History Museum in the heart of Silicon Valley, people gathered recently at the African Diaspora Investment Symposium to talk about the future of Africa business.
在硅谷中心的计算机历史博物馆，人们最近齐聚非洲侨民投资研讨会，探讨非洲商业的未来。
In the past, many Africans and especially people like me from the diaspora were not invited to the table to really discuss on issues that mattered for the continent.
过去，许多非洲人，尤其是像我这样旅居海外的非洲人，没有被邀请参与真正讨论对非洲大陆至关重要的问题。
So we said, well, what if we can just bring everyone together so we can have that discussion at the same table?
我们就想，如果我们能把所有人聚到一起，让大家围坐一桌进行讨论，会怎么样呢？
Remittances, money set by people living in the U.S. to family in Africa, has long been a key way to support the continent, speaker said.
发言人表示，汇款，即居住在美国的人寄给非洲家人的钱，长期以来一直是支持非洲大陆的关键方式。
But Negash and others said there are other uses of diaspora funds.
但内加什和其他人表示，侨民资金还有其他用途。
How do we scale remittances, so that it can also be invested in other people than our family, supporting startups?
我们如何扩大汇款规模，以便除了资助自己的家人之外，还能将其投资于其他人，支持初创企业呢？
While many investors and businesses want to come to Africa, it can be a challenge to navigate, which is why African nations have been working on the African continent of free trade area, said Joseph Mucheru, Google's first Sub-Saharan African lead and our minister in the Kenya government.
谷歌首位撒哈拉以南非洲地区负责人、肯尼亚政府部长约瑟夫·穆切鲁表示，虽然许多投资者和企业希望来到非洲，但在这里开展业务可能是一项挑战，这就是为什么非洲国家一直在推进非洲大陆自由贸易区建设。
How do they with the different regulations, different countries be able to get into the continent? So we are providing the platform that they can now use.
他们如何应对不同的规定，不同国家的人怎样才能进入这个大陆呢？所以我们正在提供他们现在可以使用的平台。
They come, and as part of the continental free-trade area, they are able to then go to many of the other different markets.
他们来了后，作为非洲大陆自由贸易区的一部分，他们随后能够进入许多其他不同的市场。
For the roughly 50 African entrepreneurs attending the event, this was an opportunity to pitch their businesses.
对于参加活动的约50名非洲企业家来说，这是一个推介他们企业的机会。
Aboubacar Komara, an architect from Guinea, is working on a housing startup.
来自几内亚的建筑师Aboubacar Komara正在为一家住房初创公司工作。
We're implicating people in the process of actually building their homes, you know.
我们实际上是在让人们参与建造自己家园的过程中。
We want to change the concept of what is architecture because architecture has a lot to do with your identity.
我们想改变建筑的概念，因为建筑与你的身份认同有很大关系。
Neile Nkholise is the chief executive of a sports technology company in South Africa.
Neile Nkholise是南非一家体育科技公司的首席执行官。
We have a smart wearable that are sewn into the garments around the joint ankles of the athletes' garments.
我们有一款智能可穿戴设备，被缝制在运动员服装的脚踝关节周围。
Barbara Birungi Mutabazi runs Uganda Women In Technology, which trains female students and young women for technology jobs like coding.
芭芭拉·比伦吉·穆塔巴齐运营着乌干达女性科技组织，该组织为女学生和年轻女性提供编程等科技类工作的培训。
Yeah, I made some really good connections especially in terms of funding, fundraising. And I'm proud to be a second generation family business leader.
我建立了一些非常好的人脉关系，尤其是在资金筹集方面。我很自豪能成为家族企业的第二代领导者。
For many of the attendees, the event was a welcome chance to talk about Africa's successes.
对许多与会者来说，这次活动是一个谈论非洲成就的好机会。
Thelma Ekiyor runs a Nigeria-based business accelerator and an investment fund for women-run businesses.
塞尔玛·埃基约尔经营着一家总部位于尼日利亚的商业加速器，以及一个面向女性经营企业的投资基金。
"I think one of the problems that Africans had for years is we tend not to talk about the progress and the developments that are happening on the continent,
我认为非洲人多年来面临的一个问题是，我们往往不去谈论这片大陆上正在发生的进步和发展。
So it's been a pleasure to come here and share with people that live here in the valley about the work that we're doing.
很高兴能来到这里，和在硅谷生活的人们分享我们正在做的工作。
The connections made at this event can be long lasting as people look for ways to be part of the burgeoning African business sector.
由于人们在寻找融入蓬勃发展的非洲商业领域的途径，在此次活动中建立的人脉关系可能会持续很久。
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Grueling work for little pay, that's the daily reality for millions of children across Africa.
做着辛苦的工作，报酬却十分微薄，这就是非洲数百万儿童的日常写照。
The International Labour Organization estimates about 73 million children in Africa are sent out to work because of widespread poverty, insufficient access to education and conflict, some as young as five years old.
国际劳工组织估计，非洲约有7300万儿童因普遍贫困、教育机会不足和冲突而被送去工作，有些年仅五岁。
What we're talking about is work that puts their future in jeopardy whether because their health is on the line.
我们谈论的是危及他们未来的工作，无论是由于他们的健康受到威胁。
They're working in mines, for example, where the imminent danger of a mine collapse or death.
例如，他们在矿井里工作，那里随时可能发生矿井坍塌甚至有生命危险。
Murtada Al-Haj left school in Sudan when he was 12. For him, it was a choice between study or feeding his family.
穆尔塔达·哈吉12岁时就离开了苏丹的学校。对他来说，这是在学习和养活家人之间做出的选择。
My mother kept telling me in the future and when our life gets better and not get worse, I'll study and become a doctor. But all of a sudden, the whole situation occurred in Sudan.
我妈妈一直告诉我，将来等我们的生活变好而不是更糟时，我会去学习并成为一名医生。但突然间，苏丹的整个局势发生了变化。
According to the ILO, 85 percent of Africa's child labourers work in agriculture.
根据国际劳工组织的数据，非洲85%的童工从事农业劳动。
Across all sectors, many are subject to backbreaking labor, long hours and exposure to dangerous environments. Rights advocates say injuries are not the only problem.
在所有行业中，许多人都要承受繁重的劳动、长时间工作，还要暴露在危险的环境中。权益倡导者表示，受伤并非唯一的问题。
There are other negative aspects because the children's self-esteem is low. Because all the time he faces insults, he has a low self-esteem.
还有其他负面影响，因为孩子的自尊心很低。因为他一直面对侮辱，所以自尊心很低。
Because all the time the factory's owner insults him, makes him feel that he is less than anyone. So you are already bringing up a generation that has no self confidence.
因为工厂老板一直在侮辱他，让他觉得自己不如任何人。所以你正在培养一代没有自信的人。
Experts say putting kids to work is no solution to extreme poverty.
专家说，让孩子们工作并不能解决极端贫困问题。
They don't have the opportunity to get an education and learn those skills that would enable them to get a decent job and become productive workers when they're older.
他们没有机会接受教育，学习那些技能，这些技能能让他们在长大后找到一份体面的工作，成为有生产力的工人。
Several African governments including Ivory Coast, Mali, Rwanda and Nigeria have taken steps to address the worst form of child labor, but it's not enough.
包括科特迪瓦、马里、卢旺达和尼日利亚在内的多个非洲国家政府已采取措施解决性质最为恶劣的童工问题，但这还不够。
Poverty, illiteracy and cultural belief, religious prejudices, these are some of the reasons that I was actually affected, you know, the efficacy.
贫穷、文盲、文化观念和宗教偏见，这些问题我都曾经遭受过，我可以感同身受。
Major U.S. companies including Apple, Google, Hershey's and Nestle USA have come under fire for allegedly failing to combat child labor in their supply chains.
包括苹果、谷歌、好时和雀巢在内的美国主要公司因被指控未能解决供应链中的童工问题而受到抨击。
The companies say they're committed to responsible sourcing that prohibits the use of child labor.
这些公司表示，他们致力于负责任的采购，杜绝聘用童工。
The UN's goal is to end child labour by 2025, an ambitious goal for our continent with the highest rates of child labor in the world.
联合国的目标是到2025年消除童工现象，这对我们这个拥有全球最高童工率的洲来说，这是一个雄心勃勃的目标。
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Since its discovery, food businesses have encouraged high-protein diets, according to research by the University of Oregon. Whether it's bars, shakes or even marshmallows, protein has always prevailed in conversations about health and fitness. Some people think that these kinds of diets are a fad because high-protein products appear on supermarket shelves often. However, these diets have slightly stagnated within the realm of wellness.
根据俄勒冈大学的研究，自发现以来，食品企业一直鼓励高蛋白饮食。 无论是能量棒、奶昔甚至棉花糖，蛋白质在有关健康和健身的话题中始终占据主导地位。 有些人认为这种饮食是一种时尚，因为高蛋白产品经常出现在超市货架上。 然而，这些饮食在健康领域略有停滞。
And that's because there's now another food group gaining popularity – fibre. Found in foods like fruits, vegetables, grains, nuts, seeds, and legumes, our enzymes can't break down fibre into nutrients to absorb like it would with other food groups. Instead, it passes through the digestive system, which helps regulate bowel movements. Multiple studies have shown that certain types of fibre can lower cholesterol, help manage blood sugar levels and improve general gut health. It can also help you feel fuller for longer as it takes more time to digest.那是因为现在另一种食物越来越受欢迎——纤维。 我们的酶存在于水果、蔬菜、谷物、坚果、种子和豆类等食物中，但它不能像其他食物组那样将纤维分解成营养物质以供吸收。 相反，它通过消化系统，有助于调节排便。 多项研究表明，某些类型的纤维可以降低胆固醇，帮助控制血糖水平并改善整体肠道健康。 它还可以帮助您更长时间地感到饱腹感，因为消化需要更多时间。
The World Health Organisation recommends that adults consume 25-35g of fibre a day. However, research by Tate & Lyle between the years of 2021 and 2022 shows that adults in many countries aren't even close to that benchmark. The National Institute of Health tells us that the fibre intake in women is less than men. Additionally, data from the World Health Organisation shows a trend that those living outside of cities, like villages and in the countryside, have lower fibre consumption in comparison to those who live in cities.世界卫生组织建议成年人每天摄入 25-35 克纤维。 然而，泰莱尔 (Tate & Lyle) 在 2021 年至 2022 年期间的研究表明，许多国家的成年人甚至没有接近该基准。 美国国立卫生研究院告诉我们，女性的纤维摄入量少于男性。 此外，世界卫生组织的数据显示，与居住在城市的人相比，居住在城市以外的人（例如村庄和农村）的纤维消耗量较低。
Studies have found that not eating enough fibre can have detrimental consequences on your health. Without it, your gut bacteria can't fight excess inflammation, provide energy, or manage your blood sugar levels or your mood. Physically, you're more likely to be constipated and to feel sluggish and tired.研究发现，摄入纤维不足会对您的健康产生不利影响。 没有它，您的肠道细菌就无法对抗过度炎症、提供能量或控制血糖水平或情绪。 从身体上来说，您更有可能出现便秘、感觉迟钝和疲倦。
So, what can you do? Well, dieticians say that you should eat five to eight portions of fruit and vegetables a day. Try throwing in a handful of cooked lentils or chickpeas into curries, soups or salads. You can also eat seeds, nuts and dried fruit as your snack between meals. It might feel fashionable to talk about fibre at the moment, but science suggests that we need it to be healthy. So, be careful to follow dieticians' advice and try to eat your fruits and veggies!
那么，你能做什么？ 营养师说，你每天应该吃五到八份水果和蔬菜。 尝试将一把煮熟的扁豆或鹰嘴豆放入咖喱、汤或沙拉中。 您还可以在两餐之间吃种子、坚果和干果作为零食。 目前谈论纤维可能很时尚，但科学表明我们需要它才能保持健康。 所以，一定要听从营养师的建议，多吃水果和蔬菜！
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In order to survive the cold, emperor penguins must remain on platforms of sea ice for long enough every year to replace weather-beaten feathers with new waterproof coats. Little was known about what is called catastrophic moulting until researchers at the British Antarctic Survey looked at satellite pictures of the frozen continent and spotted brown smudges. They realised they were mounds of feathers. But global warming is now rapidly changing Antarctica.
为了在严寒中生存，帝企鹅每年必须在海冰平台上停留足够长的时间，以将历经风雨的羽毛换成一套全新的防水 “大衣”。此前，人们对帝企鹅这种被称为 “灾难性换羽” 的过程知之甚少，直到英国南极调查局的研究人员看了这片冰封大陆的卫星照片时，发现了一些棕色的斑块。他们意识到这些斑点其实是堆积如山的羽毛。不过，全球变暖正在迅速改变着南极洲。
Satellite images show that after summer sea ice shrank dramatically in 2022 and 23, there were fewer smudges, suggesting many penguins had died in West Antarctica. There is hope that some move to safer ice, but it is another sign of how climate change is endangering some of the world's most vulnerable animals.卫星图像显示，自夏季海冰于 2022 年和 2023 年大规模缩小之后，棕色斑块的数量有所减少，这表明西南极洲的许多企鹅可能已经死亡。虽然人们仍希望部分企鹅能迁移到更安全的冰面上，但这一迹象再次表明，气候变化正危及世界上一些最脆弱的动物的生存。
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The students in this class reflect the diverse nature of American society.
这个班的学生反映了美国社会的多样性。
Elizabeth Kleinrock is teaching students how to respect differences and challenge prejudice, racism, social injustice, and learn how to be the agents of change in their own lives.
伊丽莎白·克莱因洛克正在教导学生如何尊重差异、挑战偏见、种族主义和社会不公，并学习如何推动生活变革。
If you can't talk about race comfortably, how are we everyone to end systemic racism in our country?
如果你不能自在地谈论种族问题，我们又怎能共同终结国内的制度性种族主义?
And I think it's really important to have these conversations with children because they have this very clear, pure, less biased way of looking at the world, where they haven't learned that these topics are things that they should be afraid of.
我认为与孩子们进行这些对话非常重要，因为他们看待世界的方式非常清晰、纯粹且较少偏见，他们尚未学会对这些话题产生畏惧。
So they're more willing to sit down and have a conversation about it.
他们更愿意坐下来谈谈这件事。
Anti-immigrant attitudes, bullying, racism, anti-LGBT and written slurs in the bathrooms, desks and lockers are all issues that have been reported in American schools.
反移民态度、霸凌、种族主义、反LGBT以及在洗手间、课桌和储物柜上出现的侮辱性文字等问题，均是美国校园内被举报过的问题。
According to hate crime statistics report released by the Federal Bureau of Investigation or FBI, an astonishing 7120 hate crime incidents were reported in 2018.
根据联邦调查局发布的仇恨犯罪统计报告，2018年报告的仇恨犯罪案件数量高达7120起。
We already live in a diverse world in a diverse country here in the United States.
我们已经生活在美国这个多元化的国家中。
And to recognize that there is no inferiority or superiority associated with that, there is something beautiful indifference,
要认识到这其中不存在优劣之分，有一种美好的平等；
there's something beautiful and getting to know someone whose background is different from yours, who has cultural traditions that are different from yours, and it's not something to be afraid of.
去了解一个背景与你不同、文化传统与你相异的人，这是一件美好的事情，而且这没什么好害怕的。
If we can get this with young people early, then they can grow up to be the decision-makers, the people who make laws, the people who enforce laws, the people who are then educators, that can hopefully turn our society around.
如果我们能尽早让年轻人明白这一点，他们就能成长为决策者、立法者、执法人员以及教育工作者，这些人或许能扭转我们社会的现状。
If we can get them at this age now where they're ready to sit and listen to different perspectives and express how they feel, I just have so much more hope for the future of our communities.
如果能在他们这个年纪就让他们学会坐下来倾听不同的观点并表达自己的感受，我对我们社区的未来就会充满更多希望。
The course also works to teach children what to do when they encountered intolerance in all its forms.
该课程还致力于教导孩子们当他们遇到各种形式的不宽容行为时应该怎么做。
Then when you see and just as happening, you can actually take action against it.
当你看到事情正在发生时，你实际上可以采取行动来应对它。
As an individual but also as part of collective action that organizations or groups might be doing because we know that change happens when we work together.
作为个人，同时也是组织或团体可能采取的集体行动的一部分，因为我们深知唯有携手合作才能带来改变。
Tolerance magazine was founded in 1991 to prevent the growth of hate. Most writers for this magazine are freelancers and volunteers.
《宽容》杂志创刊于1991年，旨在阻止仇恨的蔓延。该杂志大部分撰稿人都是自由职业者和志愿者。
Their articles not only address social issues, but also fuel further discussion on topics that are considered taboo in most parts of United States.
他们的文章不仅探讨社会问题，还进一步引发了在美国大部分地区被视为禁忌话题的讨论。
Materials produced by the magazine have won two Oscars, an Emmy and scores of honors.
该杂志制作的作品获得了两项奥斯卡奖、一项艾美奖等众多荣誉。
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I wanted one probably for, I don't know, as long as I could think.
我一直都想要一部手机，大概从很早就想要了。
Getting a first cellphone is a rite of passage for many kids around the world, a taste of independence.
对于全球许多孩子来说，拥有第一部手机是一种成长的标志，也是体验独立的开始。
When the bell rings to go home, literally everyone takes out their phones, and they're just like staring down at it.
放学铃声一响，所有人立刻掏出手机，低头盯着屏幕。
But a new phone brings risks. The parents agonize about too much screen time and online predators.
但新手机也带来了风险。家长们为过多的屏幕时间和网络上的潜在危险而苦恼。
When she discovered one of her daughters was being targeted by an adult man on the social media platform designed for kids, Alani Parker was outraged.
当阿兰妮·帕克发现自己的一个女儿在专为儿童设计的社交媒体平台上被一名成年男子盯上时，她感到无比愤怒。
I mean it was so scary because I just had no idea who really was there and who really was she talking to.
这太吓人了，因为我完全不知道到底是谁在那里，她到底是在和谁说话。
Parker did not want her kids to have smartphones, but she wanted the ability to be in touch with them. Then we heard about Gap Wireless.
帕克不想让她的孩子拥有智能手机，但她希望能够与他们保持联系。后来我们听说了Gap Wireless公司。
Gap Wireless is a new cellular network created just for kids. The starter phone looks just like a smartphone, but without internet.
Gap Wireless是为儿童打造的全新移动网络，入门款手机外形与智能手机无异，但不具备上网功能。
Kids can make voice calls and send text. It has a camera, calculator, calendar and a clock with an alarm. No social networking, no videos.
孩子们可以打电话和发短信。它有摄像头、计算器、日历和带闹钟的时钟。不支持社交网络，不能播放视频。
The average high school student now is coming home with already almost 5 hours of screen time consumption before they get home from school.
现在，普通高中生在放学回家前，已经花了近5个小时盯着电子屏幕了。
We've created devices that really are advocates of living life outside of the screen.
我们创造了真正倡导人们脱离屏幕、享受现实生活的设备。
The Parker girls celebrated their new phones. Friends, however, not so much.
帕克家的女孩们很高兴拥有了新手机。但是她们的朋友们却不这样想。
When I told some of my friends about my phone, they're like, wow, that's really basic.
当我向一些朋友展示我的手机时，他们的反应是，这也太基础了。
Your mom must be mean. But I know she's all just doing it to protect me and she loves me.
你妈妈一定很吝啬。但我知道她这么做只是为了保护我，因为她爱我。
Keeping connected to the kids while unplugging them from outside distractions and threats.
这能够使家长与孩子保持联系，同时让他们远离外界的干扰和威胁。
- Visa fler
