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Welcome to episode 15 of Peak Performer. Today, we're exploring the mental skills that elite performers use to excel in their fields, whether it is business, education, sport, the workplace or elsewhere. The skills we’ll discuss in this episode can be developed and refined by consistent practice, like any other skill. These mental skills can help to regulate our psychological and emotional state, prepare us for big events, and help us cope effectively with the unforeseen.
At Peak Performer Podcast, I bring you the latest research and practical advice on performance psychology, mindset, and motivation. Our goal is to provide you with the tools and techniques that top performers use to stay at the top of their game. Each episode is packed with expert interviews, scientific insights, and actionable tips to help you unlock your full potential.
> Read this in-depth article for more on psychological skills
Episode Content
Introduction to Psychological Skills Training
Psychological Skills Training (PST) is a systematic practice of mental skills aimed at enhancing performance and increasing enjoyment across various domains, from sports to business. This training involves techniques for self-regulation, mental preparation, and recovery, making it essential for high-level achievement.
1. Cognitive Restructuring
Cognitive restructuring involves changing negative thought patterns into positive ones. It's about reframing experiences to manage stress and improve performance. By altering our automatic responses, we can cultivate a more constructive mindset.
How to Apply It:
* Accept that things will not always go according to plan
* Replace self-defeating thoughts with positive affirmations.
* Practice reframing negative experiences in a supportive environment.
2. Self-Regulation
Self-regulation is the ability to control one's emotional and physiological responses to stressful conditions. This skill is crucial for maintaining optimal arousal levels and managing anxiety during high-pressure situations.
How to Apply It:
* Partner with someone who will hold you accountable.
* Maintain a balanced diet and take short breaks to manage stress.
* Practice deep breathing exercises.
* Meditate daily for 15 mins.
3. Mental Rehearsal
Mental rehearsal involves imagining and feeling a performance scenario in advance to prepare mentally, emotionally, and physiologically. This practice engages the same neural pathways as actual performance, helping to build confidence and reduce anxiety.
How to Apply It:
* Visualise your routine in detail, focusing on the process rather than the outcome.
* See, hear, smell, taste, and feel as you would in that actual situation.
* Use mental rehearsal as part of your daily preparation routine.
4. Self-Talk
Self-talk refers to the internal dialogue we have with ourselves. Positive self-talk can enhance performance by reinforcing confidence and focus. Negative self-talk can have a detrimental impact on performance.
How to Apply It:
* Be mindful of your internal dialogue and replace negative thoughts with encouraging ones.
* Use short, positive cues during practice and performance to boost morale.
* When things don’t work out, speak to yourself as you would a friend.
5. Goal Setting
Effective goal setting guides actions and maintains motivation. Rather than rigidly pursuing specific outcomes, focus on process-oriented goals that enhance daily performance.
How to Apply It:
* Establish your values - know what you stand for. This is your anchor in the world.
* Set SMART, values-based, and process-focused goals.
* Stay present and concentrate on improving 1% each day rather than fixating on long-term outcomes.
Conclusion
Psychological skills are vital for achieving peak performance in any field. By incorporating cognitive restructuring, self-regulation, mental rehearsal, self-talk, and goal setting into your routine, you can enhance your resilience, focus, and overall performance. Remember, the journey to excellence is continuous, and these skills will help you navigate the ups and downs along the way.
Thank you for tuning in to this episode of Peak Performer Podcast. Be sure to subscribe and stay connected for more insights and strategies to help you reach your peak. Until next time, keep pushing your limits and striving for greatness!
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Welcome to this week’s edition of the podcast. If you like what I’m doing here, share this episode with a friend, post a comment. Many thanks for your support!
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) is one of the most popular personality tests in the world. Developed by Katharine Cook Briggs and her daughter Isabel Briggs Myers and based upon Carl Jung's work, it categorises individuals into 16 distinct types based on four dichotomies: Introversion vs Extraversion, Sensing vs Intuition, Thinking vs Feeling, and Judging vs Perceiving. Despite its widespread use in a variety of settings and its apparent utility (Pittenger, 1993)1, from corporate team-building to personal self-discovery, the MBTI has faced significant criticism from the scientific community.
Although influential, Jung's work is mainly considered speculative (Mayer, 2005)2 and not subjected to rigorous scientific testing. His typology was derived from clinical observations rather than systematic research, making it a weak foundation for a personality assessment tool. In contrast, modern personality psychology relies on empirical studies to validate theoretical constructs and measurement instruments.
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I am a registered test user with the British Psychological Society. I provide tests and test administration in workplace settings in areas such as leadership, personality, motivation, ability, intelligence and others. Find out more about assessments and how they can help you in your career and business.
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Unlock the secrets of personality in this webinar recording, "Understanding Personality." Dive into the science and psychology behind what makes us who we are. Whether you're in leadership looking to enhance team performance, a manager aiming to improve people skills, a parent looking to understand your children, or you're simply curious about the intricacies of human behaviour, this webinar is for you.
Join me for this enlightening session that explores some of the core theories of personality, covering over 150 years of research and practice. You'll gain valuable tools to understand yourself and others better, paving the way for more effective communication and stronger relationships in both work and personal life.
This webinar is suitable for people seeking to get better results in their life and work. Stop acting on impulse and being a slave to automatic responses. Understand why you think and act the way you do. Learn to understand personality and let yourself and others off the hook. Your life will be better for it.
Peak Performer is a reader-supported publication. To receive new posts and support my work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber.
The webinar "Understanding Personality" delves into the intricate and multifaceted study of what defines us as individuals. It explores various theories and perspectives developed over more than a century of dedicated research, shedding light on the complex interplay of traits, behaviours, motivations, and emotions that shape our identities.
Peak Performer is a reader-supported publication. Sign up here to get new articles, episodes and other content to your inbox. For one-to-one coaching, go here. To hire me for talks and workshops, get in touch here or post a comment on any article.
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Peak Performer is a reader-supported publication. Sign up here to get new articles, episodes and other content to your inbox. For one-to-one coaching, go here. To hire me for talks and workshops, get in touch here or post a comment on any article.
Welcome to Peak Performer. I'm Larry Maguire, a work and organisational psychologist. Some people refer to my field as industrial-organisational psychology or occupational psychology. My primary interest lies in understanding the behaviour and performance of individuals in the workplace. This broad field encompasses various topics, including leadership, motivation, well-being, and the mental skills required to perform optimally at work.
One of my core philosophies is that meaningful work, which holds personal significance and purpose, naturally benefits others and leads to personal fulfilment. This approach aligns with intrinsic motivation theories, where the primary drive comes from within, rather than external rewards like profit. When we engage in work that matters to us, it often resonates with others, eventually leading to financial sustainability, though this is not the primary goal.
In my professional practice, I operate on three main fronts. First, I work as a private practice psychologist, assisting individuals in addressing challenges related to their work, career, and personal lives. It's essential to recognise that work and personal life are intertwined; issues in one area inevitably affect the other. This overlap has become even more pronounced with the rise of remote work, blurring the lines between home and office.
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In this podcast episode, I'm reading Chapter 3 of Stewart Cotterill's The Psychology of Performance and discussing the difference between self-confidence and self-efficacy. Throughout this reading, I interrupt the narrative to offer my input, clarity on certain aspects, and tips and advice on building up your sense of efficacy.
Cotterill defines confidence as a belief in one's abilities to achieve specific outcomes. This belief is crucial as it impacts several psychological processes essential for high performance, such as motivation, effort, and persistence (Bandura, 1997). The chapter differentiates between self-confidence and self-efficacy. Self-confidence is a broader belief in one's general capabilities, while self-efficacy is more specific, relating to the belief in one's ability to succeed in particular tasks (Bandura, 1986).
Sources of Confidence
Cotterill identifies several key sources of confidence, drawing on extensive psychological research:
Past Performance Accomplishments: Success in previous tasks enhances self-efficacy by reinforcing the belief in one’s ability to achieve similar outcomes in the future (Feltz, 2007). This is the most influential source of self-efficacy because it provides direct evidence of one’s capability.
Vicarious Experiences: Observing others, especially those perceived as similar to oneself, successfully performing tasks can boost an individual's confidence. This process, known as modelling, is powerful because it provides a comparative benchmark and inspires belief in one's own abilities (Schunk, 1987).
Verbal Persuasion: Encouragement and positive feedback from coaches, peers, and mentors can enhance an individual's belief in their capabilities. This source of confidence is effective because it can help individuals overcome self-doubt and focus on their strengths (Bandura, 1997).
Physiological and Emotional States: Positive physical states, such as feeling energetic and healthy, and positive emotional states, such as feeling calm and focused, can enhance self-confidence. Conversely, negative states can undermine confidence (Cotterill, 2018).
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In this week's episode of The Mental Game, I'm talking with Rob O'Donohue from Gartner Consulting on how to create positive workplace culture for small organisations. You'll learn in this episode that even if you are a solo business owner, you can begin to create the right workplace culture for the future. The seeds planted now while you build your business will be vital for positive workplace culture and growth later.
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Why do airline manufacturers hide potentially catastrophic faults from their customers? Why does big tech use behavioural psychology to take advantage of young developing brains? And why do car makers hide vehicle emission data from the public? At the core of these breeches, is unethical decision-making by business leaders with concern for profit at all costs. Unethical Leadership results from a skewed sense of priority, a heightened sense of self-importance, and
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Self-determination is an important concept when considering the human motivation to work and perform. Self-determination theory (SDT)1 explains human motivation, and according to Edward Deci, it is “the energy for action. It gets us up in the morning and moves us through the day”. Motivation allows us to make personal choices based on survival, integration, and work with others and allows us to feel we have control over the direction of our lives.
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In the pursuit of success, we can lead ourselves astray. Caught up in how we might be perceived or in anticipation of the prize, we lose our focus. The work itself becomes less important than the material results. This is detrimental to high performance. High performance can only ever be seen in retrospect. In other words, it's only when the job is done that we get to see the fruit of our work. It's a paradox; we've got to forget about making it happen and get into the work for its own sake. Rewards will be a reflection of our degree of focus, and focus is self-activating - we can't force or coerce it. It is a case of the self becoming absorbed in the work rather than being an observer of it. All thought about our performance takes us out of the work. It is a consequence of the absence of the thinking self that success comes about.
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In this episode, we will explore the autotelic personality and the aspects of the self essential for peak experience in work, sport and indeed, life. We will also explore the nine optimal conditions for Flow according to psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. High performance in all domains of work and play requires it, and the degree to which we may cultivate these aspects of personality will almost certainly influence our performance results. Want to become a better actor, writer, craftsperson, athlete or businessperson? Consider these 9 aspects of the autotelic personality and work consistently to build them in yourself.
Read about The Autotelic Personality
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The Performatist is a concept of the individualised yet universal self. It is that version of humanity that grows out of self-direction and autonomy. The Performatist is the one who makes a dent in their own particular corner of the world. Whether that dent is small or large is irrelevant. What is important is that we become the active agent in command of our own work and life experience. This is not a narcissistic, neo-liberal capitalist position that insists you must be the quintessential entrepreneur, take on the world and conquer it. In this philosophy, material gain and worldly recognition are secondary or even tertiary to the primary motivation. The Performatist is someone who is self-determined and self-directed but humanistic and in tune with the impact of their actions on others. To The Performatist, there is nothing to gain except inherent enjoyment of the work and no one to conquer except themselves. In this way, The Performatist is the one who follows their own path, not for success’ sake, but for the enjoyment of the work itself.
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Physiological skills are important, but it is the psychological and emotional that have the final say in performance. In today's episode, I'm exploring five key psychological skills of elite performers. Elite performers in all fields of work, sport, the arts, and beyond possess psychological skills that enable their higher-level output. Research reports that psychological skills training, comprising psychological techniques and strategies for self-regulation and mental preparation & recovery, is an essential component in high-level achievement. So, if we want to excel, we must adopt and perfect these mental skills. In this article, we will explore five important psychological skills, offer support from findings of empirical research, and suggest ways by which you can develop these skills in yourself. OK, let's retrain your brain.
Read; 5 Key Psychological Skills of Elite Performers
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Read more about The PERMA Model; humanperformance.ie/what-is-resilience
In the late 1960s, the father of positive psychology, Martin Seligman and his research associate, Steven Maier, were part of a team that discovered the phenomenon of “learned helplessness." They found that dogs, rats, and mice, when subjected to mild electric shock over which they had no control, would learn to accept it, making no attempt to escape. It was later shown that human beings act the same way. They learn to be helpless.
Over many years of research, Seligman and colleagues discovered that about 30% of subjects never become helpless. The reason why, he says, is optimism. Seligman subsequently developed a means to assess responses as either optimistic or pessimistic. They discovered that people who refuse to give up, have the habit of seeing setbacks as temporary and changeable. In other words, they feel they can do something about it. The researchers realised they could, as Seligman said, “immunise people against learned helplessness, against depression and anxiety, and against giving up after failure by teaching them to think like optimists.”
Over his years of research, Seligman found that the most satisfied, contented people were those who had discovered and exploited their unique combination of what he called “signature strengths,” such as humanity, temperance and persistence and developed the PERMA model of psychological wellbeing.
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Read The Definitive Guide To Resilience
Welcome to this introduction to resilience. Resilience in all domains of performance, be it work, sport or otherwise, in simple terms, is said to be our personal ability to cope with, and bounce back from adverse conditions. As such, it is an important aspect of the performer's repertoire, be it considered a stable trait or and dynamic process. (We'll discuss more on the question of stable trait versus dynamic process later). It is resilience that helps us face difficulties, think creatively and find solutions to problems. It's what makes us go deep and stay long, longer than most. Psychological resilience helps us endure hard training sessions, dips in business and income, death of loved ones, embarrassment and defeat while retaining the will and determination to come back for more.
If one thing is certain in life, it is change. When positive, change makes us smile. When negative, change challenges us like nothing else. The passing of a loved one, a serious illness or accident, the loss of a job, the death of a business–every situation will affect each of us differently. It brings unique thoughts, feelings and emotions to the fore, demands our attention, and often shifts our mindset. Studies have shown that we adapt well over time to dramatic change. A component of this adaptation is resilience.
Carol Dweck, in her 2017 book Mindset, says that resilience forms part of a “Growth Mindset”. Dweck suggests that a fixed mindset is “believing your qualities are carved in stone,”. In contrast, a growth mindset is “the belief that your basic qualities are things you can cultivate through your efforts”.
Read more about Resilience
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