Avsnitt

  • The Solutrean Culture

    The Solutrean Culture

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #solutrean #human #ancienthuman #archaeology

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    The Solutrean culture, dating from approximately 22,000 to 17,000 years ago, was a prehistoric culture of the Upper Paleolithic period primarily located in what is now France and Spain. It is renowned for its distinctive and finely crafted stone tools, particularly the unique, bifacially flaked Solutrean points. The Solutreans are also noted for their artistic achievements, including detailed cave paintings and intricate carvings. This culture is significant for its advanced lithic technology and its influence on subsequent Paleolithic societies in Europe.

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    Check out my stuff!
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    Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/15ZQQpY6iRK0gAwmHcC7MXl3pjNPgbdH5ckTRjgQ1cQk/edit?usp=sharing
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    Check out https://Mlezcano.com

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  • The Gravettian Culture

    The Gravettian Culture

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman #archaeology
    Go to https://mondly.app/north02 to get 96% off lifetime access to 41 languages and start learning today.

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    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
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    Email: [email protected]
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    Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uN1ZhmVar2Ipe8rWikywylbK4wd34LE7NSe09Ck5iJ4/edit?usp=sharing
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    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
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  • The Aurignacian Culture

    The Aurignacian Culture

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman #archaeology
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    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    This video is about the Aurignacian Culture, the first modern human culture to settle in Europe after the neanderthals. They hunted massive animals and made amazing art along the way. They are a fascinating culture. This video is the first in a series I am making about the upper Paleolithic.

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    Email: [email protected]

    Shoutout: https://paleoart.tumblr.com
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    Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1NdcLW7OgSsDHJIPhcfcGeRTp7bizKHLuxb31DgY_8gU/edit?usp=sharing
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    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
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  • What Were Humans Doing 10,000 Years Ago?

    What Were Humans Doing 10,000 Years Ago?

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #BeastLord #AnimalGame #LionGame
    #human #ancienthuman #archaeology
    Use this link https://beastlord.onelink.me/4a2w/NORTH02 to download Beast Lord: The New Land!
    Don't forget to use code BL777 to get a head start in the game!

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    This video is about what humans were doing around 10,000 years ago.
    This was an amazing time including the dawn of agriculture, building of complex megalithic structures all while mammoths, and other critters still roamed in remote regions.
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    Check out my stuff!
    https://www.youtube.com/@PaleolithicProduction
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    Email: [email protected]
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    Sources: There are far too many sources to fit in here. If you want a sources on something I talked about, leave a comment and I will reply with the source. Thank you!

    Special thanks to John Kiernan, Laurens Thaler, Sebastian Wetherbee

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    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
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  • La Brea Tar Pits Unveil an Ice Age Mystery

    La Brea Tar Pits Unveil an Ice Age Mystery

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman #archaeology

    Use code “NORTH02” for $20 off a purchase of $100 or more!
    https://boneclones.com/

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    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
    https://www.youtube.com/@PaleolithicProduction
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north.o2/
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    Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100089744461597
    Email: [email protected]
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    Sources:
    PRE–Younger Dryas Megafaunal Extirpation at Rancho La Brea ... - Science, www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abo3594. Accessed 20 Jan. 2024.

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277379110004403?via%3Dihub
    https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1214261
    https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1179504
    https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/quaternary-research/article/abs/chronology-and-ecology-of-late-pleistocene-megafauna-in-the-northern-willamette-valley-oregon/661469CB9106CF81FB102D76E48D12B1
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    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
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  • The Ayahuasca Rituals of the Amazon

    The Ayahuasca Rituals of the Amazon

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman #archaeology
    Thanks for watching, make sure to like, share, comment, and subscribe!
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
    https://www.youtube.com/@PaleolithicProduction
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north.o2/
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    Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100089744461597
    Email: [email protected]
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    Sources:
    https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0496
    "Ayahuasca : An Ethnopharmacologic History". Sacred Vine of Spirits: Ayahuasca. Inner Traditions / Bear & Co. p. 42.
    https://www.archaeology.org/issues/503-2303/digs/11212-digs-peru-nazca-ayahuasca
    10.1073/pnas.1902174116
    https://ayahuascalife.wordpress.com/2011/04/12/ayahuascero-vs-currandero-a-western-misunderstanding-of-shamanism/
    https://www.lakeforest.edu/news/cultural-context-and-the-beneficial-applications-of-ayahuasca#:~:text=The%20traditional%20use%20of%20substances,plants%20(Sayin%2C%202014).
    https://anthrosource.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/anoc.12056
    https://kodu.ut.ee/~hellex/aya/kirjandus/meetod/Davidov%202010%20Shamans_Shams_Ecuador_JLatAmCaribAnthro.pdf
    Madera, L. M. 2009. Visions of Christ in the Amazon: The Gospel According to Ayahuasca and Santo Daime. Journal for the Study of Religion, Nature & Culture, 3(1), 66–98. https://doi.org/10.1558/jsrnc.v3i1.66
    https://daily.jstor.org/the-colonization-of-the-ayahuasca-experience/
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27918874/
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28706205/
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29903051/
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    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
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  • Homo Antecessor - Ancient Human

    Homo Antecessor - Ancient Human

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
    Thanks for watching,
    Make sure to like, share, comment, and subscribe!
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Homo antecessor is an extinct hominin species believed to have lived in Europe over 1 million years ago. Fossils of this early human ancestor were discovered in Spain, particularly at the Atapuerca archaeological site. Homo antecessor is strange because it shares both primitive and more advanced traits. This ancient hominin is believed to have been a skilled toolmaker and a meat-eater, providing valuable insights into early human dietary and behavioral patterns. The study of Homo antecessor continues to contribute to our understanding of human origins and our complex evolutionary history.

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    Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/
    Email: [email protected]
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    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
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    Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1JeIpMIZsGujMXB8kvYjioU3paY34Ew9XOmsws3T78pY/edit?usp=sharing
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  • The Most Isolated Tribe on Earth - North Sentinel Island

    The Most Isolated Tribe on Earth - North Sentinel Island

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
    This video has been sponsored by Babbel
    Start speaking a new language in 3 weeks with Babbel ๐ŸŽ‰. Get up to 60% OFF your subscription โžกHere: https://bit.ly/3rOk8vv
    In this video, we discuss the entire history of North Sentinel Island. We cover everything we know about the island and the ethical questions presented to us.
    Thanks for watching,
    Make sure to like, share, comment, and subscribe!
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north.o2/
    Twitter: https://twitter.com/NORTH_o2
    Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0UnRJrDICeEAxF6SIBrKUZ?si=852005cc94664965
    Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100089744461597
    Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/
    Email: [email protected]
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
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    Sources:
    https://www.news.com.au/travel/travel-updates/creepy-antics-of-british-naval-officer-over-100-years-ago-had-a-profound-impact-on-lost-tribe/news-story/1d6b9e58f92a43f1232a5363c8899b1d
    https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.24181/page/n5/mode/2up
    https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-46350130
    https://www.google.com/books/edition/Colonial_Collecting_and_Display/iWlFAAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1
    https://scroll.in/article/903254/a-visit-to-north-sentinel-island-please-please-please-let-us-not-destroy-this-last-haven
    https://www.google.com/books/edition/Tsunami_in_South_Asia/-4PDCQAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PA120&printsec=frontcover
    https://archive.ph/20120914105121/http://www.thewe.cc/contents/more/archive2005/january/jarwas_onges_shompens_sentinelese_great_andamanese.htm
    https://archive.org/details/historyofourrela02portuoft
    https://www.thequint.com/opinion/sentinelese-tribe-andaman-islanders-eco-tourism-challenges
    https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/india/1509987/Stone-Age-tribe-kills-fishermen-who-strayed-on-to-island.html
    Nineveh
    https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/44140759
    https://www.forbes.com/sites/kionasmith/2018/11/30/everything-we-know-about-the-isolated-sentinelese-people-of-north-sentinel-island/?sh=643fc9e035a
    Primrose
    https://www.upi.com/amp/Archives/1981/08/25/Twenty-eight-sailors-shipwrecked-for-nearly-two-weeks-off-a/1381367560000/
    https://www.nzherald.co.nz/world/hair-raising-story-behind-mysterious-shipwreck-off-north-sentinel-island/7UWWHDCA35XKJ2Q3PGRXMBXYNQ/
    https://web.archive.org/web/20181130231205/https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/11/30/the-not-so-lost-tribe-sentinel-island-sentinelese-missionary-john-chau/
    Fisherman
    https://www.smh.com.au/world/stone-age-tribe-kills-fishermen-20060209-gdmxm8.html
    Chau
    https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-46345231
    https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-11-22/american-missionary-killed-in-india/10546166
    https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5302048-John-Allen-Chau-s-journal-pages
    https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/28/india-body-john-allen-chau-missionary-killed-by-sentinelese-tribe
    Footage
    https://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes/sentinelese
    https://www.survivalinternational.org/films/contactmission
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=osmU2vbnihQ

    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
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  • The First Sundaland People - The Negrito People of Southeast Asia

    The First Sundaland People - The Negrito People of Southeast Asia

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
    In this video, we talk about the various dark-skinned populations native to Southeast Asia. They have a fascinating history and their genetic story may surprise you!

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    Make sure to like, share, comment, and subscribe!
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north02video/
    Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/
    Email: [email protected]
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Sources: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00438243.2022.2121315
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5597900/
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4453060/
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8970429/
    https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/29/11/3513/1158983

    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
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  • Unraveling the mystery of the Younger Dryas: Ice Age, Megafauna, and Human Civilization

    Unraveling the mystery of the Younger Dryas: Ice Age, Megafauna, and Human Civilization

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #youngerdryas
    In this video, we dive deep into the subject of the Younger Dryas. An interesting period right at the end of the last ice age when humanity was first developing. There is a lot of misinformation about this subject and here I hope to dispel some of the nonsense.

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    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north02video/
    Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/
    Email: [email protected]
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Sources:
    All of my sources are located beneath their corresponding sentence on this document, enjoy!
    https://docs.google.com/document/d/1m1QGmxZ8sBOxH5dSRxlJiWQpAeCb7JXEp5H0r0YjEGY/edit?usp=sharing
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
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  • What Were Humans doing 100,000 Years Ago?

    What Were Humans doing 100,000 Years Ago?

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
    Thanks for watching,
    Make sure to like, share, comment, and subscribe!
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north02video/
    Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/
    Email: [email protected]
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Sources:
    https://docs.google.com/document/d/1pQej5eIPClEj6qDT8n2j5cfMC3-781P3HEhDHXC8-iM/edit?usp=sharing
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  • A Neanderthal Odyssey: Everything We Know about the Neanderthals

    A Neanderthal Odyssey: Everything We Know about the Neanderthals

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #neanderthal #human #ancienthuman
    In this documentary, we discuss everything we know about the enigmatic Neanderthals. We dive deep into the latest scientific discoveries, archaeological findings, and genetic research to uncover the truths about Neanderthals. Through expert interviews, immersive visuals, and engaging storytelling, we shed light on their physical characteristics, intelligence, social structures, and cultural achievements.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Sources: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_ff0l6zC_u48NOhZbR0a1WeQcZC9sAeckZ3qryS8VCE/edit?usp=sharing

    I need to update this document because other viewers cannot see the comments which Is where the sources are. I will paste these sources into the document Tomorrow.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Thanks for watching,
    Make sure to like, share, comment, and subscribe!
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north02video/
    Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/
    Email: [email protected]
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    (0:00) Introduction
    (1:13) Origins
    (12:02) Anatomy
    (28:26) Technology
    (34:02) Points
    (39:50) Hafting
    (44:13) Wooden tools
    (55:30) Use of Fire
    (1:05:37) Clothing
    (1:14:40) Hunting
    (1:45:46) Dynamic World
    (1:58:25) Culture
    (2:09:55) Warfare
    (2:12:40) Art and Symbolism
    (2:28:08) Spirituality
    (2:39:06) Compassion
    (2:48:50) Interactions with Homo sapien
    (2:54:53) Hybridization
    (2:59:46) Extinction
    (3:06:35) Genetic Persistence
    (3:14:00) Conclusion
    (3:14:47) Authors Note
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  • The Perplexing Prehistory of the Sahara

    The Perplexing Prehistory of the Sahara

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
    Thanks for watching,
    Make sure to like, share, comment, and subscribe!
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north02video/
    Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/
    Email: [email protected]
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Sources:
    D’Atanasio, E., Trombetta, B., Bonito, M. et al. The peopling of the last Green Sahara revealed by high-coverage resequencing of trans-Saharan patrilineages. Genome Biol19, 20 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-018-1393-5
    Dommain, René; Riedl, Simon; Olaka, Lydia A.; deMenocal, Peter; Deino, Alan L.; Owen, R. Bernhart; Muiruri, Veronica; Müller, Johannes; Potts, Richard; Strecker, Manfred R. (12 July 2022). "Holocene bidirectional river system along the Kenya Rift and its influence on East African faunal exchange and diversity gradients". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 119 (28): e2121388119. doi:10.1073/pnas.2121388119. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 9282390. PMID 35759654. S2CID 250090985.
    "New insights into the termination of the African Humid Period (5.5 ka BP) in central Ethiopia from detailed analysis of a diatom record" (PDF). Journal of Paleolimnology. 61 (1): 99–110. Bibcode:2019JPall..61...99R. doi:10.1007/s10933-018-0047-7. ISSN 1573-0417. S2CID 134871122.
    McGee, David; deMenocal, Peter B. (20 November 2017). "Climatic Changes and Cultural Responses During the African Humid Period Recorded in Multi-Proxy Data". Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science.
    Coulson, David; Campbell, Alec. "Rock Art of the Tassili n'Ajjer, Algeria" (PDF). AfricanRockArt.org.
    Soukopova, Jitka (2017). "Central Saharan rock art: Considering the kettles and cupules". Journal of Arid Environments. 143: 10. Bibcode:2017JArEn.143...10S. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2016.12.011.
    Soukopova, Jitka (Jan 16, 2013). Round Heads: The Earliest Rock Paintings in the Sahara. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 38. ISBN 9781443845793.
    Rowland, Joanne M. (2021). Revolutions The Neolithisation of the Mediterranean Basin: The Transition to Food Producing Economics in North Africa, Southern Europe and the Levant. Giulio Lucarini, Geoffrey J. Tassie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Excellence Cluster Topoi (1. Auflage ed.). Berlin. ISBN 978-3-9819685-6-9. OCLC 1265037731.
    Duque-Villegas, Mateo; Claussen, Martin; Brovkin, Victor; Kleinen, Thomas (22 August 2022). "Effects of orbital forcing, greenhouse gases and ice sheets on Saharan greening in past and future multi-millennia". Climate of the Past. 18 (8): 1897–1914. doi:10.5194/cp-18-1897-2022. ISSN 1814-9324. S2CID 251465373.
    Soriano, S.; Tribolo, Ch; Maggetti, M.; Ozainne, S.; Ballouche, A.; Fahmy, A.; Neumann, K.; Lespez, L.; Rasse, M.; Huysecom, E. (2009). "The emergence of pottery in Africa during the tenth millennium cal BC: new evidence from Ounjougou (Mali)". Antiquity. 83 (322): 905–917.
    Stivers, Jeffrey P.; Dutheil, Didier B.; Moots, Hannah M.; Cocca, Enzo; N'siala, Isabella Massamba; Giraudi, Carlo; Kaye, Thomas G.; Stafford, Thomas W. Jr.; Mercuri, Anna Maria (14 August 2008). "Lakeside Cemeteries in the Sahara: 5000 Years of Holocene Population and Environmental Change". PLOS ONE. 3 (8): e2995. Bibcode:2008PLoSO...3.2995S. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002995. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 2515196. PMID 18701936.
    di Lernia, S. (2022). Saharan Hunter-Gatherers: Specialization and Diversification in Holocene Southwestern Libya (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/...
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  • The Fascinating Origins of Hominins

    The Fascinating Origins of Hominins

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #humanorigins
    Thanks for watching,
    Make sure to like, share, comment, and subscribe!
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north02video/
    Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/
    Email: [email protected]
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Sources:

    Stanyon, Roscoe; Finstermeier, Knut; Zinner, Dietmar; Brameier, Markus; Meyer, Matthias; Kreuz, Eva; Hofreiter, Michael; Roos, Christian (16 July 2013). "A Mitogenomic Phylogeny of Living Primates". PLOS ONE. 8 (7): e69504. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...869504F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069504. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3713065. PMID 23874967.

    Pozzi, Luca; Hodgson, Jason A.; Burrell, Andrew S.; Sterner, Kirstin N.; Raaum, Ryan L.; Disotell, Todd R. (June 2014). "Primate phylogenetic relationships and divergence dates inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 75: 165–183. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.02.023. ISSN 1055-7903. PMC 4059600. PMID 24583291.

    Jameson, Natalie M.; Hou, Zhuo-Cheng; Sterner, Kirstin N.; Weckle, Amy; Goodman, Morris; Steiper, Michael E.; Wildman, Derek E. (September 2011). "Genomic data reject the hypothesis of a prosimian primate clade". Journal of Human Evolution. 61 (3): 295–305. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.04.004. ISSN 0047-2484. PMID 21620437.

    Hey J. The divergence of chimpanzee species and subspecies as revealed in multipopulation isolation-with-migration analyses. Mol Biol Evol. 2010 Apr;27(4):921-33. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msp298. Epub 2009 Dec 2. PMID: 19955478; PMCID: PMC2877540.

    Macchiarelli, Roberto; et al. (2020). "Nature and relationships of Sahelanthropus tchadensis". Journal of Human Evolution. 149: 102898. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102898. PMID 33142154. S2CID 226249337.

    Daver, G.; Guy, F.; Mackaye, H. T.; Likius, A.; Boisserie, J. -R.; Moussa, A.; Pallas, L.; Vignaud, P.; Clarisse, N. D. (2022-08-24). "Postcranial evidence of late Miocene hominin bipedalism in Chad" (PDF). Nature. Springer Science and Business Media LLC. 609 (7925): 94–100. doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04901-z. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 36002567.

    Almécija, Sergio; Tallman, Melissa; Alba, David M.; Pina, Marta; Moyà-Solà, Salvador; Jungers, William L. (3 December 2013). "The femur of Orrorin tugenensis exhibits morphometric affinities with both Miocene apes and later hominins". Nature Communications. 4 (1): 2888. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.2888A. doi:10.1038/ncomms3888. PMID 24301078.

    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
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  • The Oldest Artifacts

    The Oldest Artifacts

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
    Thank you to Wondrium for sponsoring today's video! Signup for your FREE trial to Wondrium here: http://ow.ly/b8RY50L1inp
    Thanks for watching,
    Make sure to like, share, comment, and subscribe!
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
    Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north02video/
    Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/
    Email: [email protected]
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Sources:
    MichaelPanteaPersonEnvelopeIgnacio de laTorrebFrancescod’ErricocdJacksonNjauefRobertBlumenschineg, et al. “Bone Tools from Beds II–IV, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, and Implications for the Origins and Evolution of Bone Technology.” Journal of Human Evolution, Academic Press, 10 Oct. 2020, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248420301469.
    Evidence for Early Hafted Hunting Technology | Science. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1227608.
    Lombard, M., & Phillipson, L. (2010). Indications of bow and stone-tipped arrow use 64 000 years ago in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Antiquity, 84(325), 635-648. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00100134
    Backwell, L., Bradfield, J., Carlson, K., Jashashvili, T., Wadley, L., & D'Errico, F. (2018). The antiquity of bow-and-arrow technology: Evidence from Middle Stone Age layers at Sibudu Cave. Antiquity, 92(362), 289-303. doi:10.15184/aqy.2018.11
    Bows and Arrows and Complex Symbolic Displays 48,000 Years ... - Science. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aba3831.
    Hardy, B. L., et al. “Direct Evidence of Neanderthal Fibre Technology and Its Cognitive and Behavioral Implications.” Nature News, Nature Publishing Group, 9 Apr. 2020, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-61839-w.
    “Pesse Canoe.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 23 Aug. 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesse_canoe.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
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  • The Old Copper Culture of North America

    The Old Copper Culture of North America

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #nativeamerican
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    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
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    Email: [email protected]
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
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    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Sources:
    Saraceni, Jessica Esther. “Native American Copper Use in North America Re-Dated.” Archaeology Magazine, https://www.archaeology.org/news/9536-210322-old-copper-culture.
    “MVAC Home.” UW, https://www.uwlax.edu/mvac/pre-european-people/archaic-tradition/old-copper-culture/
    Administrator. “Southeastern Plumets.” Peach State Archaeological Society, http://peachstatearchaeologicalsociety.org/index.php/20-copper-artifacts/316-old-copper-culture.
    Ancient Native Americans Were among the World's First Coppersmiths ... https://www.science.org/content/article/ancient-native-americans-were-among-world-s-first-coppersmiths.
    “Old Copper Culture.” Milwaukee Public Museum, https://www.mpm.edu/research-collections/anthropology/online-collections-research/old-copper-culture.
    Pompeani, David P, et al. “On the Timing of the Old Copper Complex in North America: A Comparison of Radiocarbon Dates from Different Archaeological Contexts: Radiocarbon.” Cambridge Core, Cambridge University Press, 9 Mar. 2021, https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/radiocarbon/article/abs/on-the-timing-of-the-old-copper-complex-in-north-america-a-comparison-of-radiocarbon-dates-from-different-archaeological-contexts/E46715993E58EDC94F225CC6FE776CF2.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
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  • What were Humans doing 1,000,000 years ago?

    What were Humans doing 1,000,000 years ago?

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthumanThanks for watching,Make sure to like, share, comment, and subscribe!โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€Check out my stuff!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north02video/Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/Email: [email protected]โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€Thumbnail - Tom BjorklundAll media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€Sources:1.) Augusti J, Lordkipanidze D (June 2011). "How "African" was the early human dispersal out of Africa?". Quaternary Science Reviews.Zhu Z, Dennell R, Huang W, Wu Y, Qiu S, Yang S, et al. (July 2018). "Hominin occupation of the Chinese Loess Plateau since about 2.1 million years ago". Nature. 559 (7715): 608โ€“612.Barras C (2018). "Tools from China are oldest hint of human lineage outside Africa"2.) Rogers AR, Iltis D, Wooding S (2004). "Genetic Variation at the MC1R Locus and the Time since Loss of Human Body Hair". Current Anthropology. 45 (1): 105โ€“108. doi:10.1086/381006. S2CID 224795768.3.) Roach, & Richmond. (2015). "Clavicle length, throwing performance and the reconstruction of the Homo erectus shoulder". Journal of Human Evolution, 80(C), 107โ€“113.4.) M. Pante et al. Bone tools from Beds II-IV, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, and implications for the origins and evolution of bone technology. Journal of Human Evolution. Vol. 148, November 2020, p. 102885. doi: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102885.5.) James, Steven R. (February 1989). "Hominid Use of Fire in the Lower and Middle Pleistocene: A Review of the Evidence"Luke, Kim. "Evidence That Human Ancestors Used Fire One Million Years Ago"Miller, Kenneth (May 2013). "Archaeologists Find Earliest Evidence of Humans Cooking With Fire"6.) Saladiรฉ, P.; Huguet, R.; Dรญez, C.; Rodrรญguez-Hidalgo, A.; Cรกceres, I.; Vallverdรบ, J.; Rosell, J.; de Castro, J. M. B.; Carbonell, E. (2011). "Carcass transport decisions in Homo antecessor subsistence strategies".7.) MISHRA, SHEILA. โ€œTHE INDIAN LOWER PALAEOLITHIC.โ€ Bulletin of the Deccan College Research Institute, vol. 66/67, 2006, pp. 47โ€“94. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/42931441. Accessed 14 Oct. 2022.8.) Antรณn SC, Taboada HG, Middleton ER, Rainwater CW, Taylor AB, Turner TR, et al. (July 2016). "Morphological variation in Homo erectus and the origins of developmental plasticity"9.) Yang, L. (2014). "Zhoukoudian: Geography and Culture". Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer Science+Business Media. pp. 7961โ€“7965.10.) Boaz, N. T.; Ciochon, R. L.; Xu, Q.; Liu, J. (2000). "Large Mammalian Carnivores as a Taphonomic Factor in the Bone Accumulation at Zhoukoudian"โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

  • The Toba Supervolcano

    The Toba Supervolcano

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthuman
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    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Check out my stuff!
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    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.
    If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.
    Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.
    โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€
    Sources:
    Gathorne-Hardy, F.J, and W.E.H Harcourt-Smith. “The Super-Eruption of Toba, Did It Cause a Human Bottleneck?” Journal of Human Evolution, Academic Press, 2 Sept. 2003, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047248403001052.
    SH;, Ambrose. “Late Pleistocene Human Population Bottlenecks, Volcanic Winter, and Differentiation of Modern Humans.” Journal of Human Evolution, U.S. National Library of Medicine, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9650103/.
    UCT_news. “Modern Humans Flourished through Ancient Supervolcano Eruption 74,000 Years Ago.” EurekAlert!, https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/523443.
    Ge, Yong, and Xing Gao. “Understanding the Overestimated Impact of the Toba Volcanic Super-Eruption on Global Environments and Ancient Hominins.” Quaternary International, Pergamon, 28 July 2020, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1040618220303335.
    Williams, Martin. “The ~73 ka Toba super-eruption and its impact: History of a debate” Quaternary International May 2012 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104061821100485X
    Hawks, John. “The so-Called Toba Bottleneck Didn't Happen.” John Hawks Weblog, 9 Feb. 2018, https://johnhawks.net/weblog/reviews/climate/toba-bottleneck-didnt-happen-2018.html.
    Costa, Antonio, et al. “The Magnitude and Impact of the Youngest Toba Tuff Super-Eruption.” Frontiers, Frontiers, 1 Jan. 1AD, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2014.00016/full.
    Rampino, Michael R.; Self, Stephen (1993). "Climate–Volcanism Feedback and the Toba Eruption of ~74,000 Years ago" (PDF). Quaternary Research. 40 (3): 269–280. Bibcode:1993QuRes..40..269R
    Oppenheimer, Clive (August 2002), "Limited global change due to largest known Quaternary eruption, Toba ≈74 kyr BP?", Quaternary Science Reviews, 21 (14–15): 1593–1609, Bibcode:2002QSRv...21.1593O, doi:10.1016/S0277-3791(01)00154-8
    Robock, A.; Ammann, C.M.; Oman, L.; Shindell, D.; Levis, S.; Stenchikov, G. (2009). "Did the Toba Volcanic Eruption of ~74k BP Produce Widespread Glaciation?". Journal of Geophysical Research. 114 (D10): D10107. Bibcode:2009JGRD..11410107R. doi:10.1029/2008JD011652
    Williams, Martin. “The ~73 ka Toba super-eruption and its impact: History of a debate” Quaternary International May 2012 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S104061821100485X
    Zielinski, G.A.; Mayewski, P.A.; Meeker, L.D.; Whitlow, S.; Twickler, M.S.; Taylor, K. (1996). "Potential Atmospheric Impact of the Toba Megaโ€Eruption ~71,000 years ago" (PDF). Geophysical Research Letters. 23 (8): 837–840. Bibcode:1996GeoRL..23..837Z. doi:10.1029/96GL00706. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 18, 2011.
    Robock, A.; Ammann, C.M.; Oman, L.; Shindell, D.; Levis, S.; Stenchikov, G. (2009). "Did the Toba Volcanic Eruption of ~74k BP Produce Widespread Glaciation?". Journal of Geophysical Research. 114 (D10): D10107. Bibcode:2009JGRD..11410107R. doi:10.1029/2008JD01165
    Smith, Eugene I., et al. “Humans Thrived in South Africa through the Toba Eruption about 74,000 Years Ago...
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  • What Happened on Easter Island?

    What Happened on Easter Island?

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthumanThanks for watching,Make sure to like, share, comment, and subscribe!โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€Check out my stuff!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north02video/Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/Email: [email protected]โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€Sources:Owsley, Douglas W.; et al. (1994). "Biological effects of European contact on Easter Island". In C.S. Larson; G.R. Milner (eds.). In the Wake of Contact: Biological Responses to Conquest.DiNapoli, R J, Crema, E R, Lipo, C P, et al. (2021). "Approximate Bayesian Computation of radiocarbon and paleoenvironmental record shows population resilience on Rapa Nui (Easter Island)". Nature Communications.Beck, J. Warren (2003), "Mata Ki Te Rangi: Eyes towards the Heavens"West, Barbara A. (2008) Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania Diamond 2005, pp. 103โ€“107Awes, Maria, and Andy Awes. โ€œMystery of Easter Island.โ€ NOVA, season 39, episode 3, PBS, 7 Nov. 2012.Hamilton, Sue. โ€œRapa Nui (Easter Island)โ€™s Stone Worlds.โ€ Archaeology International, vol. 16, 24 Oct. 2013, pp. 96-109.Captain James Cook Footnotes - the Captain Cook Society (CCS). https://www.captaincooksociety.com/home/detail/footnotes-899. โ€œEaster Island History: Imagina Easter Island.โ€ Imagina Rapa Nui Easter Island, 6 Oct. 2021, https://imaginarapanui.com/en/easter-island-history/. Magazine, Smithsonian. โ€œThe Secrets of Easter Island.โ€ Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 1 Mar. 2002, https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-secrets-of-easter-island-59989046/. โ€œMoai.โ€ Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 27 Aug. 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moai#1722โ€“1868_toppling_of_the_moai. Thomas, Mike Seager. โ€œStone Use and Avoidance on Easter Island: Red Scoria from the Topknot Quarry at Puna Pau and Other Sources.โ€ Archaeology in Oceania, vol. 49, no. 2, 10 Apr. 2014, pp. 95-109.โ€œEaster Island.โ€ Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Aug. 2022, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Island. Hamilton, Sue, et al. โ€œSay It with Stone: Constructing with Stones on Easter Island.โ€ World Archaeology, vol. 43, no. 2, 14 July 2011, pp. 167-190.Hunt, Terry L., and Carl P. Lipo. The Statues That Walked: Unraveling the Mystery of Easter Island. Simon and Schuster, 2011.Lipo, Carl P., et al. โ€œThe โ€˜Walkingโ€™ Megalithic Statues (Moai) of Easter Island.โ€ Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 40, no. 6, June 2013, pp. 2859-2866.Richards, Colin, et al. โ€œRoad My Body Goes: Re-Creating Ancestors from Stone at the Greatmoaiquarry of Rano Raraku, Rapa Nui (Easter Island).โ€ World Archaeology, vol. 43, no. 2, 14 July 2011, pp. 191-210.Sentinels in Stone โ€“ The Collapse of Easter Island's Culture". Bradshaw Foundation. Archived from the original on 19 November 2015. Retrieved 4 November 2015Scoresby-Routledge, Katherine (1919). The Mystery of Easter Island. London: Hazell, Watson & VineyHunt, Terry; Lipo, Carl (2012). The Statues That Walked: Unraveling the Mystery of Easter Island.Fehren-Schmitz, Lars, et al. โ€œGenetic Ancestry of Rapanui before and after European Contact.โ€ Current Biology, Elsevier, 12 Oct. 2017, https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(17)31194-6.Thorsby Erik 2012The Polynesian gene pool: an early contribution by Amerindians to Easter IslandPhil. Trans. R. Soc. B367812โ€“819http://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0319โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

  • The Clovis Culture

    The Clovis Culture

    · NORTH 02: The Story of Our Species

    #paleoanthropology #human #ancienthumanThanks for watching,Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/north02video/Subreddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/NORTH02reddit/Email: [email protected]โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€All media displayed in this video is displayed with either permission from the copyright owner, fair use, or is creative commons.If I failed to give proper credit or you do not want your images displayed here, please contact me and I will give credit or immediately remove them at your request.Much of the media displayed in this video is protected under FAIR USE for reasons of Commentary, Education, Criticism, Parody, and Social Satire.โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€โ–€Sources:Bellos, Alex (14 February 2000). "Brazilian Findings Spark Archeological Debate" Meltzer, David (24 June 1995). "Stones of Contention"Timothy B. Rowe et al. Human Occupation of the North American Colorado Plateau โˆผ37,000 Years Ago. Front. Ecol. Evol, published online July 7, 2022; doi: 10.3389/fevo.2022.903795Bennett, Matthew R.; Bustos, David; Pigati, Jeffrey S.; Springer, Kathleen B.; Urban, Thomas M.; Holliday, Vance T.; Reynolds, Sally C.; Budka, Marcin; Honke, Jeffrey S.; Hudson, Adam M.; Fenerty, Brendan (24 September 2021). "Evidence of humans in North America during the Last Glacial Maximum"The Western Stemmed Point Tradition: Evolutionary Perspectives on ... https://scholarworks.umt.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=11684&context=etd. Masakazu Yoshizaki, Pre-Ceramic Stone Industries at the Tachikawa Site, Southern Hokkaido (Hakodate: Hakodate City Museum, 1960). [ๅ‰ๅดŽๆ˜Œไธ€็ทจ 1960 ใ€Ž็ซ‹ๅท: ๅŒ—ๆตท้“็ฃฏ่ฐท้ƒก่˜ญ่ถŠ็”บ็ซ‹ๅท้บ่ทกใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹็„กๅœŸๅ™จๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใฎ็™บๆŽ˜่ชฟๆŸปใ€ๅธ‚็ซ‹ๅ‡ฝ้คจๅš็‰ฉ้คจใ€ๅ‡ฝ้คจ.]Morrow, Juliet E., et al. โ€œPre-Clovis in Texas? A Critical Assessment of the โ€˜Buttermilk Creek Complex.โ€™โ€ Journal of Archaeological Science, Academic Press, 6 June 2012, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S030544031200218X. The Debra L. Friedkin Site, Texas and the Origins of Clovis - Researchgate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/50850836_The_Debra_L_Friedkin_Site_Texas_and_the_origins_of_Clovis. Thomas et al. 2017 "Explaining the origin of fluting in North American Pliestocene weaponry"Pitulko, V & Nikolskiy, Pavel & Girya, Evgeny & Basilyan, Alexandr & Tumskoy, Vladimir & Koulakov, SA & Astakhov, S & Pavlova, E & Anisimov, MA. (2004). The Yana RHS site: Humans in the Arctic before the Last Glacial Maximum. Science (New York, N.Y.). 303. 52-6. 10.1126/science.1085219.Wygal, B., Krasinski, K., Holmes, C., Crass, B., & Smith, K. (2022). Mammoth Ivory Rods in Eastern Beringia: Earliest in North America. American Antiquity, 87(1), 59-79. doi:10.1017/aaq.2021.63Sain, Douglas A., "Clovis Blade Technology at the Topper Site (38AL23): Assessing Lithic Attribute Variation and Regional Patterns of Technological Organization" (2012).The Age of the Paleoindian Assemblage at Sheriden Cave, Ohio - Scientific Figure on ResearchGate. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Bone-Point-2-from-Sheriden-Cave_fig2_268149084 [accessed 11 Aug, 2022]Mark Q. Sutton (2021) Envisioning a Western Clovis Ritual Complex, PaleoAmerica, 7:4, 333-364, DOI: 10.1080/20555563.2021.1933334Agam A, Barkai R. Elephant and Mammoth Hunting during the Paleolithic: A Review of the Relevant Archaeological, Ethnographic and Ethno-Historical Records. Quaternary. 2018; 1(1):3. https://doi.org/10.3390/quat1010003Eren, Metin I., et al. โ€œOn the Efficacy of Clovis Fluted Points for Hunting Proboscideans.โ€ Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, Elsevier, 28 Aug. 2021, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352409X21003783.G. Sanchez, V.T. Holliday, E.P. Gaines, J. Arroyo-Cabrales, N. Martรญnez-Tagรผeรฑa, A. Kowler, T. Lange, G. Hodgins, S. Mentzer, I. Sanchez-Morales Human (Clovis)โ€“gomphothere (Cuvieronius sp.) association~ 13,390 calibrated yBP in Sonora, MexicoC.V. Haynes, B. HuckellMurray Springs: A Clovis Site with Multiple Activity Areas in the San Pedro Valley, Arizona University of Arizona Pre...Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

  • Visa fler